Since the Reading Wars of the 1990s, the U.S. has largely gone red. Remember the Reading Wars? In the 1980s, educators embraced "whole language" as the key to teaching kids to love reading. Instead of using "See Dick and Jane Run" primers, grade-school teachers taught reading with authentic kid lit: storybooks by respected authors, like Eric Carle (Polar Bear, Polar Bear). They encouraged 5-and 6-year-olds to write with "inventive spelling". It was fun. Teachers felt creative. The founders of whole language never intended it to displace the teaching of phonics or proper spelling, but that's what happened in many places. The result was a generation of kids who couldn't spell, including a high percentage who had to be turned over to special Ed instructors to learn how to read. That eventually ushered in the current joyless back-to-phonics movement, with its endless hours of reading-skill drills. Welcome back, Dick and Jane.
Now we're into the Math Wars. With American kids foundering on state math exams and getting clobbered on international tests by their peers in Singapore and Belgium, parents and policymakers have been searching for a culprit. They've found it in the math equivalent of whole language—so-called fuzzy math, an object of parental contempt from coast to coast. Fuzzy math, properly called reform. math, is the bastard child of teaching standards introduced by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (N.C.T.M) in 1989. Like whole language, it was a sensible approach that got distorted into a parody of itself. The reform. standards, for instance, called for teaching the uses of a calculator and estimation, but some educators took that as a license to stop drilling the multiplication tables, skip past long division and give lots of partial credit for wrong answers. "Some of the textbooks and materials were absolutely hideous," says R. James Milgram, a professor of mathematics at Stanford.
Adding to the math morass was the fact that 49 states (all but Iowa) devised their own math standards, with up to 100 different goals for each grade level. Textbook publishers responded with textbooks that tried to incorporate every goal of every state. "There are some 700-page third-grade math books out there," says N.C.T.M.'s current president Francis Fennell, professor of education at Maryland's McDaniel College.
Now the N.C.T.M. itself has come riding to the rescue. In a notably slim document, it has identified just three essential goals, or "focal points", for each grade from pre-K to eighth, none of them fuzzy, all of them building blocks for higher math. In fourth grade, for instance, the group recommends focusing on the quick recall of multiplication facts, a deep understanding of decimals and the ability to measure and compute the area of rectangles, circles and other shapes. "Our objective," says Fennell, "is to get conversations going at the state level about what really is important." In recent weeks, that's begun to happen. Florida and Utah and half a dozen other states are talking about revising their math standards to match the pared-down approach. That pleases academic mathematicians like Milgram, who notes that this kind of instruction is what works in math-proficient nations like Singa
A.Math, American Kids' Nightmare.
B.U.S. Education, the Retunrn of the Tradition.
C.Polarized Politicians, Polarized Educators.
D.Reading From Phonetics.
第1题
下列说法错误的是()。
A.2005年H国天然气消费比2004年上升,而石油消费反而有所下降
B.2005年H国A地区天然气消费量比B和C地区之和还多
C.2005年地区是H国天然气和原油消费最多的地区
D.2005年C地区天然气消费了约9万立方米
第2题
A.2005年H国天然气消费比2004年上升,而石油消费反而有所下降
B.2005年H国A地区天然气消费量比B和C地区之和还多
C.2005年A地区是H国天然气和原油消费最多的地区
D.2005年C地区天然气消费了9万立方米
第3题
A.2005年H国天然气消费比2004年上升,而石油消费反而有所下降
B.2005年H国A地区天然气消费量比B和C地区之和还多
C.2005年A地区是H国天然气和原油消费最多的地区
D.2005年C地区天然气消费了9万立方米
第4题
A.2005年H国天然气消费比2004年上升,而石油消费反而有所下降
B.2005年H国A地区天然气消费量比B和C地区之和还多
C.2005年A地区是H国天然气和原油消费最多的地区
D.2005年C地区天然气消费了9万立方米
第5题
A.2009年H国天然气消费比2004年上升,而石油消费反而有所下降
B.2009年H国A地区天然气消费量比B和C地区之和还多
C.2009年A地区是H国天然气和原油消费最多的地区
D.2009年C地区天然气消费了9万立方米
第6题
A.我国的石油及常规天然气储量丰富
B.石油生产和消费占国内矿物能源生产和消费比例较大
C.天然气生产和消费占国内矿物能源生产和消费比例较小
D.石油和天然气的消费比例正在增加
第7题
下列叙述符合图中所示内容的是 ()
A.1950~1980年全球煤炭消费呈持续下降趋势
B.1980年世界石油及天然气的消费量约是煤炭消费的2倍
C.我国石油及天然气的消费增长迅速,总量已超过煤炭消费
D.我国能源消费构成与世界平均状况相同
第8题
根据表格,以下说法错误的一项是()。
A.2006年上海市居民消费稳步上升,恩格尔系数有所下降
B.2006年上海市居民人均衣着消费突破千元
C.2006年上海市居民居住类支出稳中略升
D.2006年上海市每个居民交通支出约增加二成
第9题
根据表格,以下说法错误的一项是()。
A.2006年上海市居民消费稳步上升,恩格尔系数有所下降
B.2006年上海市居民人均衣着消费突破千元
C.2006年上海市居民居住类支出稳中略升
D.2006年上海市每个居民交通支出约增加二成
第10题
根据表格,以下说法错误的一项是()。
A.2006年上海市居民消费稳步上升,恩格尔系数有所下降
B.2006年上海市居民人均衣着消费突破千元
C.2006年上海市居民居住类支出稳中略升
D.2006年上海市每个居民交通支出约增加二成
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