One of these factors—social and cultural background—affects the interaction among people involved in, the decision-making process and provides the cultural framework within which they may comfortably operate. The best alter native for solving a problem, for example, might be to replace an employee who is unsuitable for a position. However, if in the society's culture there is a tradition of lifetime employment with one company, that alternative is not really feasible because of social and cultural restrictions.
With regard to the structure of an organization, there are numerous factors that may alter the "ideal" decision making process. The amount of flexibility within an organization and the available resources (such as facilities, technology, or fiscal reserves) are often controlling factors. The amount of data available may also limit the range of alter natives that can be considered. Another organizational factor is the importance of the decision being made related to other problems and responsibilities of management. The relative importance of one decision is weighed against the amount of effort involved in finding a solution and the benefit the company will receive from its implementation.
Three other factors also influence the following of a model decision process: time, creativity and risk. The amount of time available to make a decision for a given problem is often determined by the environment, not the management. The time factor may affect the creativity of the solution to a problem. The risk related to a particular course of action may be lessened by use of a group rather than an individual decision-maker. Time, resources, and culture may affect the work ability of a group process, although research shows that groups often come up with better solutions than individuals.
Decision theory and the "ideal" decision-making model tend to picture the process as one in which managers operate by themselves, free of restrictions of time, data, and resources. The reality of the decision process is much less a step-by-step procedure than it is a series of practical considerations directly influenced by the social, cultural, and organizational environment.
The decision-making process is often influenced by ______.
A.the operational aspects of management
B.the theoretical aspects of management
C.the environment and structure of the organization
D.the method of decision-making itself
第1题
有关血清铁,以下论述正确的是
A、是指血清中与运铁蛋白结合的铁
B、是细胞机体铁含量的一种方法
C、衡量铁贮存量比较准确的指标
D、缺铁性贫血时,常降低
E、再障常升高
第2题
有关血清铁,以下论述正确的是
A.是指血清中与运铁蛋白结合的铁
B.是细胞机体铁含量的一种方法
C.作为衡量铁贮存量则比较准确
D.缺铁性贫血时,常降低
E.再障常升高
第3题
有关血清铁,以下论述不正确的是
A.是指血清中与运铁蛋白结合的铁
B.血清铁检测是检测机体铁含量的一种方法
C.作为衡量铁贮存量则比较准确
D.缺铁性贫血时常降低
E.再生障碍性贫血时常升高
第4题
有关血清铁,以下说法不正确的是
A、是指血清中与转铁蛋白结合的铁
B、是反映机体铁含量的一项指标
C、用于衡量铁贮存量比较准确
D、缺铁性贫血时常降低
E、再生障碍性贫血时常升高
第5题
关于血清铁,错误的是
A、是指血清中与转铁蛋白结合的铁
B、是反映机体铁含量的一项指标
C、是衡量铁贮存量比较准确的指标
D、肝脏疾病时常升高
E、再生障碍性贫血时常升高
第8题
反映机体铁贮存的指标是
A、血清铁
B、总铁结合力
C、游离原卟啉浓度
D、运铁蛋白饱和度
E、血清铁蛋白
第9题
A.血清铁降低,总铁结合力增高,运铁蛋白饱和度增高
B.血清铁降低,总铁结合力增高,运铁蛋白饱和度降低
C.血清铁降低,总铁结合力增高,运铁蛋白饱和度正常
D.血清铁降低,总铁结合力降低,运铁蛋白饱和度增高
E.血清铁降低,总铁结合力降低,运铁蛋白饱和度降低
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