Many difficulties have_____as a result of the changeover to a new type of fuel.

A.sent

B.given

C.covered

D.contracted

A.accompany

B.accomplish

C.succeed

D.prefer

A.wait

B.to wait

C.waiting

D.being waited

翻译以下文章

Large modern cities are too big to control. They impose their own living conditions on people. City inhabitants are forced by their environment to adopt a wholly unnatural way of life. They lose touch with nature. It is possible to live such an air-conditioned life in a large city that you are barely conscious of the seasons. A few flowers in a public park (if you have the time to visit it) may remind you that it is spring or summer. A few leaves falling down from trees may remind you that it is autumn. Beyond that, what is going on in nature seems totally irrelevant. All the simple, good things of life—like sunshine and fresh air—are rare and precious. Tall buildings block the sun. Traffic fumes pollute the atmosphere. Even the distinction between day and night is lost. The flow of traffic goes on unceasingly and the noise never stops.

Word Form. 将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。

56、His wife would rather they _____________ (not, talk) about the matter any more.

57、The earth is one of the nine planets which _____________ (revolve) round the sun.

58、The presidential candidates in the U. S. _____________ (concern) with winning the states which have the largest population.

59、Only by keeping down costs will America maintain its _____________ (compete) advantage over other countries.

60、The robots used in nuclear plants to handle the radioactive materials prevent human personnel from ___________ (expose) to radiation.

61、He has decided to have a look at the house and see if it might be worth _____________ (buy).

62、It is self-esteem that makes it possible _____________ (cope) with the everyday problems of growing up.

63、Experts found in an experiment that improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability ___________ (result) from daydreaming.

64、The nearer a society _____________ (approximate) to zero population growth, the older its population is likely to be.

65、A number of difficulties _____________ (arise) since we began to work on the new design.

Reading Comprehension 阅读理解

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.

Get a college degree, if possible. With a B. A., you'll have a good start. But now you have to slow down. If you go for a master's degree, make sure it is an M. B. A., and only from a first-rate university. Beyond this, the famous law of diminishing returns (报酬递减率) begins to take effect.

Do you know, for instance, that long distant truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24, 000, while the full professors managed to earn just $ 23, 030.

A Ph. D. (博士) is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph. D. s unemployed or under-employed in this country than in any other part of the world.

If you become a Ph. D. in English or history or political science or languages or—worst of all—in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.

Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on tables, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or second-rate college that pays much less than what the doorkeeper earns.

You can equate (同等看待) the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.

31、Your parents advise you to “get an education” partly because they want you_______________.

A.to gain more knowledge

B.to earn more money

C.to get a degree

D.to free yourself from embarrassment

32、From the second paragraph, we can infer that both B. A. and M. B. A. are_______________.

A.professions

B.jobs

C.college degrees

D.academic disciplines

33、According to the author, _______________.

A.a high degree helps you greatly in finding a satisfactory job

B.a high degree does not necessarily help you to find a satisfactory job

C.the higher degree you get, the more money you can make

D.the higher degree you get, the dimmer future you will face

34、The author would advise you to specialize in the fields of _______________ for a doctor's degree.

A.physics or chemistry

B.English or history

C.political science

D.philosophy

35、Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A.Well-educated professionals sometimes earn less than truck drivers.

B.It's easier for those who specialize in the fields of physics and chemistry to find a job.

C.Some Ph. D. graduates work as shop assistants, car drivers, waiters or waitresses, because they cannot find a suitable job.

D.Your Ph. D. degree will make your country embarrassed.

Reading Comprehension 阅读理解

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

Let's look at another example of how people's communication patterns differ: the way people converse. Some foreigners have observed that when Americans carry on a conversation, it seems as if they are having a Ping-Pong game. One person has the ball and then hits it to the other side of the table. The other player hits the ball back and the game continues. If one person doesn't return the ball, then the conversation stops. Each part of the conversation follows this pattern: the greeting and the opening, the discussion of a topic, and the closing and farewell. If either person talks too much, the other may become impatient and feel that he is dominating the conversation. Similarly, if one person doesn't say enough or ask enough questions to keep the conversation going, the conversation stops.

Many North Americans, are impatient with culturally different conversation styles simply because the styles are unfamiliar. For example, to many North Americans it seems that some Latin Americans dominate conversations, or hold the ball too long. Speaking of her co-workers from several Latin American countries, one North American woman said, “I just find it difficult to cut in. They seem to take such a long time to express themselves. They give you a lot of unnecessary details.” When she talked with them, she became tense, because she found it so hard to participate. Yet she also noted that when they talked to each other, nobody seemed uncomfortable or left out.

The North American woman didn't know how to interrupt the Latin American conversations because North American ways of listening and breaking in are very different. She had been taught to listen politely until the other person finished talking. (Once again, there are gender (性别) differences; it has been observed that men tend to interrupt women more than women interrupt men. )When the North American woman did what was “natural” or “normal” for her (i. e. , listen politely without interrupting), she was not comfortable in the conversation with the Latin Americans. The result was that she became more passive in her conversations with her co-workers. The differences between the unspoken rules of conversation of each cultural group interfered with their on-the-job relationship.

26、When North Americans converse together, each one of the group is supposed to_______________.

A.participate in the talk

B.play Ping-Pong games

C.interrupt the speaker

D.dominate the conversation

27、When North Americans converse with the Latin Americans, the North Americans would feel_______________.

A.involved

B.left out

C.comfortable

D.relaxed

28、To the North Americans, the Latin Americans are_______________.

A.polite

B.communicative

C.dominant

D.familiar

29、We can infer from this passage that_______________.

A.people from different cultures cannot communicate with each other

B.different conversational styles may affect people's relationships

C.men are more talkative than women

D.North Americans' conversational habits are better than those of Latin Americans'

30、The best title for this passage is_______________.

A.Different Conversation Styles

B.Different Conversation Topics

C.Different Conversation Processes

D.Different Conversation Effects

Reading Comprehension 从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

Young people often wonder at the large number of employers who do not respond to their applications for jobs. They say that despite enclosing return envelopes they hear nothing at all or , at best , an impersonal (无人情味的) note is sent declaring that the post for which they applied has been filled. Applicants often suspect that job vacancies are set aside for friends and relatives and that advertisements are only put to prevent this accusation(指责). Many of them are tired of writing away and feel that if only they could obtain an interview with the right person their application would meet with success.

Not to acknowledge applicants' letters is impolite and there seems little excuse for this, yet even sending brief replies to the many who apply takes much time and money. That so-called return envelope may not have been stamped by the sender, and an office manger under the heavy workload may be reluctant to send off long letters of explanation to disappointed job-hunters. A brief note is all that can be managed and even that depends on the policy of the firm. But the difficulty is reasonably easy to remove with a little goodwill.

21、It can be inferred from the first paragraph that applicants have good reasons to believe that the posts they apply for_______________.

A.are only for the purpose of advertisement

B.are reserved for friends and relatives

C.are not there at all

D.are not good enough to satisfy their needs

22、Many job-hunters think that they can get a job if_______________.

A.they write more letters of application

B.they find the right person

C.they have more success

D.they can get an interview

23、The chief reason for a manager not to acknowledge applicants' letters is that _________________.

A.it takes a lot of time and money

B.it takes a lot of trouble

C.it requires a lot of efforts

D.it requires a lot of energy

24、The author thinks that a letter to an applicant should be_______________.

A.a long one

B.a short one

C.a brief one with a little goodwill

D.one with full explanation

25、What is the major complaint of job-hunters?

A.They have no chance to see the manager.

B.Their letters of application often get no response.

C.Job advertisements are totally a lie.

D.Writing application letters takes up too much of their time.

Cloze Test 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。

Eye contact is important, because too little or too much eye contact may cause communication problems. It is important in relationships because it helps to show closeness, attention and influence. __11 __with facial expressions, there are no specific rules __12 __eye behavior. __13 __that it is considered rude to stare, especially __14 __strangers. It is, __15 __, common for two strangers to walk toward each other, __16 __eye contact, smile and perhaps even say “HI!” The strangers may immediately look __17 __and forget that they even had any contact. This type of glance does not mean much; it is simply a way of acknowledging another person's __18 __. In a conversation too little eye contact may be seen negatively because it __19 __lack of interest, inattention and even mistrust. The relationship between mistrust and lack of eye contact is shown directly in the expression, “Never trust a person who can't look you __20 __the eye.”

11、

A.Like

B.As

C.Likely

D.Together

12、

A.governing

B.govern

C.governed

D.being governed

13、

A.besides

B.beside

C.except

D.except for

14、

A.for

B.at

C.to

D.in

15、

A.moreover

B.furthermore

C.but

D.however

16、

A.make

B.to make

C.making

D.made

17、

A.down

B.up

C.away

D.out

18、

A.absent

B.present

C.absence

D.presence

19、

A.conveys

B.conceals

C.conducts

D.consists

20、

A.to

B.in

C.at

D.out of