(汉译英) 从19世纪40年代之后的鸦片战争、甲午战争,到庚子之乱乃至20世纪30年代的日本侵华战争,中国惨遭东西方列强的屠戮和极其野蛮的经济掠夺;再加上封建腐败和连年内乱,中国主权沦丧、生灵涂炭、国力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的灾难、惨痛的事实使中华民族深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。这样的历史实践形成了中国人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理,坚定了中国人民走和平发展道路的信念。1949年新中国成立后,我们在发展道路上艰辛探索,既经历过成功的喜悦,也经受过失败的挫折。从1978年开始,中国开启了新的征程,从计划转向市场,从封闭转向开放,从自成一体转向融入经济全球化,走独立自主地建设中国特色社会主义的道路,取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。实践充分证明,坚持走和平发展的道路是正确的,既符合中国国情,又顺应时代潮流。中国将沿着这条和平发展的道路,坚定不移地走下去。
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职、恋爱、成家、立业、功名、财富……几乎无时不在追求,而且总也不能满足。当然事业上的进取与物欲上的贪婪,是两种截然不同的人生观,或可说是两种内涵迥异的苦乐观。但有一点是共同的,即人生的道路并非平坦的康庄大道,事物的发展往往不以人的意志为转移。与其陶醉在“梦想成真”的幻觉中,莫若在实践中多多磨砺自己,有道是“苍天不负有心人”嘛!即或如此,也未必事事天遂人愿。总之,有追求必有烦恼,这就是生活的实际。
第2题
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1、(英译中)The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of labor and capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure, and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure’s major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP.
A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulative effect of this injection through spending and re-spending. In the optimum case the initial expansion of income flow could be great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original "deficit spending" or the "tax cut", so that deficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped. In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budget-balancing but spending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment. Spending increases productivity. This productivity resulting from federal spending has overwhelmed the older economic myths of the balanced budget where government is conceived of as just another business firm.
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t, whether minor or major, is the number of them who do not allow it to upset their lives, even reaching out to help others with the same problem.(英译中)
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uck me as being irreverent and too familiar. So I put my knees together and let my hands rest loosely on them.(英译中)
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