Still, the study found that the families of 19.5 million children were too poor to receive the full $1,000 benefit. About half get a partial benefit, and half get nothing. Newt Gingrich, the former Republican House speaker, expressed surprise at the racial gap. "That's a stunning number," he said, referring to the half of black children who fail to receive the full credit. "I'd find a way to make sure those kids get the money as part of a broader post-Hurricane Katrina plan."
Framed as middle-class tax relief, the credit passed in 1997 and offered $500 per child to families that owed income tax. It was doubled in 2001 and made partly available to families too poor to have income tax bills. Len Burman, a co-director of the tax center and the study's author, said it might actually exaggerate the amount going to the poor since it assumed all eligible families received the credit. In practice, studies suggest that poor and minority families claim tax credits at lower rates.
Told of the study, which will be published Monday, some conservatives repeated their opposition to making the credit more of an antipoverty program. Mr. Mitchell said that low-wage workers received a total of $39 billion a year from a similar program, the earned income tax credit. "It's not like they're not getting any redistribution from the government," he said. "We want less income redistribution, not more." Both sides in child tax credit debate have cast their arguments in moral terms. "The income gap is wide and growing," Ms. Snowe said. "We're talking about giving a helping hand to families who through no fault of their own are at or near poverty." Mr. Mitchell of the Heritage Foundation said income redistribution was morally problematic, since it punished people for economic success. He also called it economically inefficient, arguing that it discouraged work among both rich and poor.
What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A.Conservatives and liberals have basically come to an agreement on child tax credit.
B.Bush's program of sweeping tax cuts helps low-income families in a real sense.
C.Many conservatives argue child tax credit should be used for qualified families.
D.Many liberals intend child tax credit for the poorer workers instead of children.
第1题
A、肿瘤发生与环境化学污染有关
B、致癌过程是一个多阶段过程
C、肿瘤发展的整个过程可分为引发、促长和进展三个主要阶段
D、致癌作用众多基因、多因素参与
E、A+B+C+D
第2题
A.受多对基因控制
B.每对基因彼此没有显性与隐性的区分
C.环境因素与遗传因素一样重要
D.每对基因的作用都很微小,但有累加作用
E.可能有主基因的参与
第3题
A.环境致癌因素包括生物、物理和化学因素以及社会环境因素
B.大部分是以人们不自主方式接触
C.少数是通过人们不良的生活行为方式进入机体的
D.恶性肿瘤的发病潜伏期较长,是多因素、多效应、多阶段的过程
E.70~80%的人类肿瘤与环境致癌因素直接或间接相关
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