It was about time that they______a real effort to settle their quarrel in a friendly way.A

mate.

A．put up from

B．put up by

C．put up with

D．put up to

It was unfortunate that many houses______in the big fire.

A．were to be destroyed

B．have been destroyed

C．had been destroyed

D．were being destroyed

If you had taken my advice, you______a doctor now.

A．are

B．would be

C．have been

D．should be

the house.

A．circumstances

B．occasions

C．conditions

D．situations

The captain decided to______the burning ship after he had found there was no hope.

A．avoid

B．abandon

C．dismiss

D．destroy

on your ANSWER SHEET. TOPIC Love on campus is no more a rarely seen phenomenon nowadays. Most of the college students are having or once had loving experience in their campus life. Is it appropriate to have a campus love while putting the study aside? Or is it an indispensable part of college life? What is your opinion?

Harvard Business School.【T2】The "West Point of Capitalism" was not inundated with applicants in the anti-business early 70s, so Bush got in, despite mediocre grades that kept him out of his first choice of grade schools, the University of Texas Law School. Bush posed as a redneck rebel at Harvard, wearing his National Guard flight jacket and cowboy boots and chewing tobacco as he sat at the back of the class, spitting into a paper cup. 【T3】But he showed early signs of the self-discipline that would become more characteristic as time went on. He kept up with the grueling casework, particularly in a course called Human Organization and Behavior. Here were formal lessons in organizing and managing people that Bush had only intuited as an Andover cheerleader. He developed his basic approach to leadership at Harvards training ground for future CEOs. The essence was to think Big Picture, dont get caught in the details, delegate and decide. 【T4】Bush whizzes through briefing books today, preferring to listen rather than read, but his friends say he has an ability to cut to the chase. If Bush seems less substantive than a Bill Clinton — or an Al Gore — he can blame a Harvard education. 【T5】Bush hardly mentions Harvard today. He loathed what he saw as the universitys liberal, intellectually pretentious atmosphere. On weekends at the home of his aunt Nancy Ellis, who lived in Boston, Bush railed against the "smugness" of Cambridge. He pined to get back to Texas. While Bushs classmates headed for Wall Street, Bush went to look for a job in the oil Patch, again following his father whose portrait hangs in Midlands Petroleum Hall of Fame.

【T1】

【R10】

SOME RITUALS OF MODERN DOMESTIC LIVING VARY LITTLE THROUGHOUT THE DEVELOPED WORL

D. ONE SUCH IS THE MUNICIPAL REFUSE COLLECTION, USUALLY ONCE A WEEK, YOUR RUBBISH BAGS OR THE CONTENTS OF YOUR BIN DISAPPEAR INTO THE BOWELS OF A SPECIAL LORRY AND ARE CARTED AWAY TO THE LOCAL TIP. TO ECONOMISTS, THIS CEREMONY IS PECULIAR, BECAUSE IN MOST PLACES IT IS FRE

E. YES, HOUSEHOLDS PAY FOR THE SERVICE OUT OF LOCAL TAXES. 【R6】______YET THE MARGINAL COST OF RUBBISH DISPOSAL IS NOT ZERO AT ALL. THE MORE PEOPLE THROW AWAY, THE MORE RUBBISH COLLECTORS AND TRUCKS ARE NEEDED, AND THE MORE THE LOCAL COUNCIL HAS TO PAY IN LANDFILL AND TIPPING FEES. 【R7】______BUT AS DON FULLERTON AND THOMAS KINNAMAN, TWO AMERICAN ECONOMISTS, HAVE FOUND, THIS SEEMINGLY EASY APPLICATION OF ECONOMIC SENSE TO AN EVERYDAY PROBLEM HAS SURPRISINGLY INTRICATE AND SOMETIMES DISAPPOINTING RESULTS. IN THE PAST FEW YEARS, SEVERAL AMERICAN TOWNS AND CITIES HAVE STARTED CHARGING HOUSEHOLDS FOR GENERATING RUBBIS

H. THE COMMONEST SYSTEM IS TO SELL STICKERS OR TAGS WHICH HOUSEHOLDERS ATTACH TO RUBBISH BAGS OR CANS. ONLY BAGS WITH THESE LABELS ARE PICKED UP IN THE WEEKLY COLLECTIO

N. IN THE PAPER PUBLISHED LAST YEAR FULLERTON AND KINNAMAN STUDIED THE EFFECTS OF ONE SUCH SCHEME, INTRODUCED IN JULY 1992 IN CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA, A TOWN OF ABOUT 40,000 PEOPL

E. RESIDENTS WERE CHARGED 80 CENTS FOR EACH STICKER. THIS MAY SOUND LIKE THE SENSIBLE USE OF MARKET FORCES. IN FACT, THE AUTHORS CONCLUDE, THE SCHEMES BENEFITS DID NOT COVER THE COST OF PRINTING STICKERS, THE STICKER SELLERS COMMISSIONS, AND THE WAGES OF THE PEOPLE RUNNING THE SCHEM

E. 【R8】______ THIS IS INEFFICIENT: COMPACTING IS DONE BETTER BY MACHINES AT LANDFILL SITES THAN BY INDIVIDUALS, HOWEVER ENTHUSIASTICALLY. THE WEIGHT OF RUBBISH COLLECTED IN CHARLOTTESVILLE FELL BY A MODEST 14% . 【R9】______THE ONE BRIGHT SPOT IN ALL THIS SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN A 15% INCREASE IN THE WEIGHT OF MATERIALS RECYCLED, SUGGESTING THAT PEOPLE CHOSE TO RECYCLE FREE RATHER THAN PAY TO HAVE THEIR REFUSE CARTED AWAY. BUT THE FEE MAY HAVE LITTLE TO DO WITH THE GROWTH IN RECYCLING, AS MANY CITIZENS WERE ALREADY PARTICIPATING IN CHARLOTTESVILLE"S VOLUNTARY RECYCLING SCHEM

E. 【R10】______TO DISCOURAGE DUMPING, FOR INSTANCE, LOCAL COUNCILS MIGHT HAVE TO SPEND MORE ON CATCHING LITTERS, OR RAISE FINES FOR LITTERING, OR CUT THE PRICE OF LEGITIMATE RUBBISH COLLECTIO

N. A. TRUE, THE NUMBER OF BAGS OR CANS COLLECTED DID FALL SHARPLY, BY 37% BETWEEN MAY AND SEPTEMBER 1992. BUT RATHER THAN BUY MORE TAGS, PEOPLE SIMPLY CRAMMED MORE GARBAGE — ABOUT 40% MORE INTO EACH CONTAINER.

B. THIS LOOKS LIKE THE MOST BASIC OF ECONOMIC MISUNDERSTANDINGS: IF RUBBISH DISPOSAL IS FREE, PEOPLE WILL PRODUCE TOO MUCH RUBBIS

H. THE OBVIOUS ECONOMIC SOLUTION IS TO MAKE HOUSEHOLDS PAY THE MARGINAL COST OF DISPOSING OF THEIR WAST

E. THAT WILL GIVE THEM AN INCENTIVE TO THROW OUT LESS AND RECYCLE MOR

E.

C. CITY AUTHORITIES ARE NOW CONSIDERING A PROJECT TO TEACH GOVERNMENT WASTE COLLECTORS THE SKILLS, SUCH AS WHAT RUBBISH TO COLLECT AND HOW TO CLASSIFY IT. IF APPROVED, THE PROJECT WILL HELP EASE THE FINANCIAL BURDEN OF THE CITY"S WASTE TREATMENT.

D. IT WOULD BE FOOLISH TO GENERALIZE FROM THIS ONE CASE, BUT THE MORAL IS CLEAR, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES SOMETIMES PRODUCE UNFORESEEN RESPONSES.

E. LESS PLEASING STILL, SOME PEOPLE RESORTED TO ILLEGAL DUMPING RATHER THAN PAY TO HAVE THEIR RUBBISH REMOVE

D. THIS IS HARD TO MEASURE DIRECTLY. BUT THE AUTHORS, OBSERVING THAT A FEW HOUSEHOLDS IN THE SAMPLE STOPPED PUTTING RUBBISH OUT, GUESS THAT ILLEGAL DUMPING MAY ACCOUNT FOR 30% — 40% OF THE REDUCTION IN COLLECTED RUBBIS

H.

F. BUT AT THE MARGIN THE PRICE IS ZERO: THE FAMILY THAT FILLS FOUR BINS WITH RUBBISH EACH WEEK PAYS NO MORE THAN THE ELDERLY COUPLE THAT FILLS ON

E.

【R9】

SOME RITUALS OF MODERN DOMESTIC LIVING VARY LITTLE THROUGHOUT THE DEVELOPED WORL

D. ONE SUCH IS THE MUNICIPAL REFUSE COLLECTION, USUALLY ONCE A WEEK, YOUR RUBBISH BAGS OR THE CONTENTS OF YOUR BIN DISAPPEAR INTO THE BOWELS OF A SPECIAL LORRY AND ARE CARTED AWAY TO THE LOCAL TIP. TO ECONOMISTS, THIS CEREMONY IS PECULIAR, BECAUSE IN MOST PLACES IT IS FRE

E. YES, HOUSEHOLDS PAY FOR THE SERVICE OUT OF LOCAL TAXES. 【R6】______YET THE MARGINAL COST OF RUBBISH DISPOSAL IS NOT ZERO AT ALL. THE MORE PEOPLE THROW AWAY, THE MORE RUBBISH COLLECTORS AND TRUCKS ARE NEEDED, AND THE MORE THE LOCAL COUNCIL HAS TO PAY IN LANDFILL AND TIPPING FEES. 【R7】______BUT AS DON FULLERTON AND THOMAS KINNAMAN, TWO AMERICAN ECONOMISTS, HAVE FOUND, THIS SEEMINGLY EASY APPLICATION OF ECONOMIC SENSE TO AN EVERYDAY PROBLEM HAS SURPRISINGLY INTRICATE AND SOMETIMES DISAPPOINTING RESULTS. IN THE PAST FEW YEARS, SEVERAL AMERICAN TOWNS AND CITIES HAVE STARTED CHARGING HOUSEHOLDS FOR GENERATING RUBBIS

H. THE COMMONEST SYSTEM IS TO SELL STICKERS OR TAGS WHICH HOUSEHOLDERS ATTACH TO RUBBISH BAGS OR CANS. ONLY BAGS WITH THESE LABELS ARE PICKED UP IN THE WEEKLY COLLECTIO

N. IN THE PAPER PUBLISHED LAST YEAR FULLERTON AND KINNAMAN STUDIED THE EFFECTS OF ONE SUCH SCHEME, INTRODUCED IN JULY 1992 IN CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA, A TOWN OF ABOUT 40,000 PEOPL

E. RESIDENTS WERE CHARGED 80 CENTS FOR EACH STICKER. THIS MAY SOUND LIKE THE SENSIBLE USE OF MARKET FORCES. IN FACT, THE AUTHORS CONCLUDE, THE SCHEMES BENEFITS DID NOT COVER THE COST OF PRINTING STICKERS, THE STICKER SELLERS COMMISSIONS, AND THE WAGES OF THE PEOPLE RUNNING THE SCHEM

E. 【R8】______ THIS IS INEFFICIENT: COMPACTING IS DONE BETTER BY MACHINES AT LANDFILL SITES THAN BY INDIVIDUALS, HOWEVER ENTHUSIASTICALLY. THE WEIGHT OF RUBBISH COLLECTED IN CHARLOTTESVILLE FELL BY A MODEST 14% . 【R9】______THE ONE BRIGHT SPOT IN ALL THIS SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN A 15% INCREASE IN THE WEIGHT OF MATERIALS RECYCLED, SUGGESTING THAT PEOPLE CHOSE TO RECYCLE FREE RATHER THAN PAY TO HAVE THEIR REFUSE CARTED AWAY. BUT THE FEE MAY HAVE LITTLE TO DO WITH THE GROWTH IN RECYCLING, AS MANY CITIZENS WERE ALREADY PARTICIPATING IN CHARLOTTESVILLE"S VOLUNTARY RECYCLING SCHEM

E. 【R10】______TO DISCOURAGE DUMPING, FOR INSTANCE, LOCAL COUNCILS MIGHT HAVE TO SPEND MORE ON CATCHING LITTERS, OR RAISE FINES FOR LITTERING, OR CUT THE PRICE OF LEGITIMATE RUBBISH COLLECTIO

N. A. TRUE, THE NUMBER OF BAGS OR CANS COLLECTED DID FALL SHARPLY, BY 37% BETWEEN MAY AND SEPTEMBER 1992. BUT RATHER THAN BUY MORE TAGS, PEOPLE SIMPLY CRAMMED MORE GARBAGE — ABOUT 40% MORE INTO EACH CONTAINER.

B. THIS LOOKS LIKE THE MOST BASIC OF ECONOMIC MISUNDERSTANDINGS: IF RUBBISH DISPOSAL IS FREE, PEOPLE WILL PRODUCE TOO MUCH RUBBIS

H. THE OBVIOUS ECONOMIC SOLUTION IS TO MAKE HOUSEHOLDS PAY THE MARGINAL COST OF DISPOSING OF THEIR WAST

E. THAT WILL GIVE THEM AN INCENTIVE TO THROW OUT LESS AND RECYCLE MOR

E.

C. CITY AUTHORITIES ARE NOW CONSIDERING A PROJECT TO TEACH GOVERNMENT WASTE COLLECTORS THE SKILLS, SUCH AS WHAT RUBBISH TO COLLECT AND HOW TO CLASSIFY IT. IF APPROVED, THE PROJECT WILL HELP EASE THE FINANCIAL BURDEN OF THE CITY"S WASTE TREATMENT.

D. IT WOULD BE FOOLISH TO GENERALIZE FROM THIS ONE CASE, BUT THE MORAL IS CLEAR, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES SOMETIMES PRODUCE UNFORESEEN RESPONSES.

E. LESS PLEASING STILL, SOME PEOPLE RESORTED TO ILLEGAL DUMPING RATHER THAN PAY TO HAVE THEIR RUBBISH REMOVE

D. THIS IS HARD TO MEASURE DIRECTLY. BUT THE AUTHORS, OBSERVING THAT A FEW HOUSEHOLDS IN THE SAMPLE STOPPED PUTTING RUBBISH OUT, GUESS THAT ILLEGAL DUMPING MAY ACCOUNT FOR 30% — 40% OF THE REDUCTION IN COLLECTED RUBBIS

H.

F. BUT AT THE MARGIN THE PRICE IS ZERO: THE FAMILY THAT FILLS FOUR BINS WITH RUBBISH EACH WEEK PAYS NO MORE THAN THE ELDERLY COUPLE THAT FILLS ON

E.

【R8】

SOME RITUALS OF MODERN DOMESTIC LIVING VARY LITTLE THROUGHOUT THE DEVELOPED WORL

D. ONE SUCH IS THE MUNICIPAL REFUSE COLLECTION, USUALLY ONCE A WEEK, YOUR RUBBISH BAGS OR THE CONTENTS OF YOUR BIN DISAPPEAR INTO THE BOWELS OF A SPECIAL LORRY AND ARE CARTED AWAY TO THE LOCAL TIP. TO ECONOMISTS, THIS CEREMONY IS PECULIAR, BECAUSE IN MOST PLACES IT IS FRE

E. YES, HOUSEHOLDS PAY FOR THE SERVICE OUT OF LOCAL TAXES. 【R6】______YET THE MARGINAL COST OF RUBBISH DISPOSAL IS NOT ZERO AT ALL. THE MORE PEOPLE THROW AWAY, THE MORE RUBBISH COLLECTORS AND TRUCKS ARE NEEDED, AND THE MORE THE LOCAL COUNCIL HAS TO PAY IN LANDFILL AND TIPPING FEES. 【R7】______BUT AS DON FULLERTON AND THOMAS KINNAMAN, TWO AMERICAN ECONOMISTS, HAVE FOUND, THIS SEEMINGLY EASY APPLICATION OF ECONOMIC SENSE TO AN EVERYDAY PROBLEM HAS SURPRISINGLY INTRICATE AND SOMETIMES DISAPPOINTING RESULTS. IN THE PAST FEW YEARS, SEVERAL AMERICAN TOWNS AND CITIES HAVE STARTED CHARGING HOUSEHOLDS FOR GENERATING RUBBIS

H. THE COMMONEST SYSTEM IS TO SELL STICKERS OR TAGS WHICH HOUSEHOLDERS ATTACH TO RUBBISH BAGS OR CANS. ONLY BAGS WITH THESE LABELS ARE PICKED UP IN THE WEEKLY COLLECTIO

N. IN THE PAPER PUBLISHED LAST YEAR FULLERTON AND KINNAMAN STUDIED THE EFFECTS OF ONE SUCH SCHEME, INTRODUCED IN JULY 1992 IN CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA, A TOWN OF ABOUT 40,000 PEOPL

E. RESIDENTS WERE CHARGED 80 CENTS FOR EACH STICKER. THIS MAY SOUND LIKE THE SENSIBLE USE OF MARKET FORCES. IN FACT, THE AUTHORS CONCLUDE, THE SCHEMES BENEFITS DID NOT COVER THE COST OF PRINTING STICKERS, THE STICKER SELLERS COMMISSIONS, AND THE WAGES OF THE PEOPLE RUNNING THE SCHEM

E. 【R8】______ THIS IS INEFFICIENT: COMPACTING IS DONE BETTER BY MACHINES AT LANDFILL SITES THAN BY INDIVIDUALS, HOWEVER ENTHUSIASTICALLY. THE WEIGHT OF RUBBISH COLLECTED IN CHARLOTTESVILLE FELL BY A MODEST 14% . 【R9】______THE ONE BRIGHT SPOT IN ALL THIS SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN A 15% INCREASE IN THE WEIGHT OF MATERIALS RECYCLED, SUGGESTING THAT PEOPLE CHOSE TO RECYCLE FREE RATHER THAN PAY TO HAVE THEIR REFUSE CARTED AWAY. BUT THE FEE MAY HAVE LITTLE TO DO WITH THE GROWTH IN RECYCLING, AS MANY CITIZENS WERE ALREADY PARTICIPATING IN CHARLOTTESVILLE"S VOLUNTARY RECYCLING SCHEM

E. 【R10】______TO DISCOURAGE DUMPING, FOR INSTANCE, LOCAL COUNCILS MIGHT HAVE TO SPEND MORE ON CATCHING LITTERS, OR RAISE FINES FOR LITTERING, OR CUT THE PRICE OF LEGITIMATE RUBBISH COLLECTIO

N. A. TRUE, THE NUMBER OF BAGS OR CANS COLLECTED DID FALL SHARPLY, BY 37% BETWEEN MAY AND SEPTEMBER 1992. BUT RATHER THAN BUY MORE TAGS, PEOPLE SIMPLY CRAMMED MORE GARBAGE — ABOUT 40% MORE INTO EACH CONTAINER.

B. THIS LOOKS LIKE THE MOST BASIC OF ECONOMIC MISUNDERSTANDINGS: IF RUBBISH DISPOSAL IS FREE, PEOPLE WILL PRODUCE TOO MUCH RUBBIS

H. THE OBVIOUS ECONOMIC SOLUTION IS TO MAKE HOUSEHOLDS PAY THE MARGINAL COST OF DISPOSING OF THEIR WAST

E. THAT WILL GIVE THEM AN INCENTIVE TO THROW OUT LESS AND RECYCLE MOR

E.

C. CITY AUTHORITIES ARE NOW CONSIDERING A PROJECT TO TEACH GOVERNMENT WASTE COLLECTORS THE SKILLS, SUCH AS WHAT RUBBISH TO COLLECT AND HOW TO CLASSIFY IT. IF APPROVED, THE PROJECT WILL HELP EASE THE FINANCIAL BURDEN OF THE CITY"S WASTE TREATMENT.

D. IT WOULD BE FOOLISH TO GENERALIZE FROM THIS ONE CASE, BUT THE MORAL IS CLEAR, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES SOMETIMES PRODUCE UNFORESEEN RESPONSES.

E. LESS PLEASING STILL, SOME PEOPLE RESORTED TO ILLEGAL DUMPING RATHER THAN PAY TO HAVE THEIR RUBBISH REMOVE

D. THIS IS HARD TO MEASURE DIRECTLY. BUT THE AUTHORS, OBSERVING THAT A FEW HOUSEHOLDS IN THE SAMPLE STOPPED PUTTING RUBBISH OUT, GUESS THAT ILLEGAL DUMPING MAY ACCOUNT FOR 30% — 40% OF THE REDUCTION IN COLLECTED RUBBIS

H.

F. BUT AT THE MARGIN THE PRICE IS ZERO: THE FAMILY THAT FILLS FOUR BINS WITH RUBBISH EACH WEEK PAYS NO MORE THAN THE ELDERLY COUPLE THAT FILLS ON

E.