Part A
Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10.
听力原文: Every year there are reports of people dying as the result of extremely hot weather. Many of the victims are old persons, whose hearts or breathing systems decline. But many die from lack of water.
Water is necessary for life and good health. We often forget this fact when we think about the other building blocks of life such as vitamins, minerals and proteins. We can live for many days without eating, but two or three days without water usually leads to death.
The human body may look solid, but most of it is water. New born babies are as much as 85% water. Women are about 65% water and men about 75%. Women usually have less water than men because women, in general, have more fat cells, and fat cells hold less water than other kinds of cells.
Water does many different things to keep us healthy. It carries hormones , antibodies and foods through the body, and carries away waste materials. That is why different parts of the body contain different amounts of water. For example, blood is 83% water, muscles are 75% water, the brain is 74% , and bones are 25%, .
Water is also necessary for cooling the body under hot weather and when we are working hard or exercising. Water carries body heat to the surface of the skin, where the heat is lost through perspiration. Researchers say cool liquids cool us faster than warm liquids, because cold liquids take up more heat inside the body and carry it away faster. They say, however, that cold sweet drinks do not work well because the sugar slows the liquid from getting into the blood-stream.
Researchers also note that fat cells block body heat from escaping quickly. Fat cells under the skin act like warm clothing to keep body heat inside. This is why overweight people have a more easy time staying cool than thin people.
The body loses water every day through perspiration and urine. If we lose too much, we will become sick. A 10% drop in body water can cause the blood system to fail. A 15% ~ 20% drop usually leads to death. To replace what is lost, health experts say growing persons should drink about 2 liters of liquids each day, and more in hot weather. They say we can also get some of the water we need in the foods we eat. Most fruits and vegetables are more than 80% water. Meats are 50% ~ 60% water. And even bread is about 33% water. Water may be one of the most simple of all chemical substances, but it is the most important substance that we put into our bodies.
Water is a kind of chemical substance.
A.True
B.Fasle
第1题
真性室壁瘤是指
A.舒张期局部肌小梁消失
B.仅有收缩期局部膨出
C.室壁破裂在心包形成血肿
D.收缩期和舒张期左心室局部膨出
E.冠状动脉一部分行走于心外膜心肌下方
第2题
功能性室壁瘤是指
A.舒张期局部肌小梁消失
B.仅有收缩期局部膨出
C.室壁破裂在心包形成血肿
D.收缩期和舒张期左心室局部膨出
E.冠状动脉一部分行走于心外膜心肌下方
第3题
假性室壁瘤是指
A、仅有收缩期局部膨出
B、室壁破裂在心包形成血肿
C、收缩期和舒张期左心室局部膨出
D、收缩期局部肌小梁消失
E、主要累及右心室
第4题
心肌桥是指
A.舒张期局部肌小梁消失
B.仅有收缩期局部膨出
C.室壁破裂在心包形成血肿
D.收缩期和舒张期左心室局部膨出
E.冠状动脉一部分行走于心外膜心肌下方
第5题
功能性室壁瘤是指
A、室壁破裂而在心包形成局部血肿
B、仅有收缩期局部膨出
C、局部室壁运动严重减弱
D、肌小梁消失
E、收缩期和舒张期局部膨出
第6题
室壁瘤超声表现特点不包括
A、局部室壁向外膨出,舒张期更明显
B、膨出部分室壁变薄,呈矛盾运动,即收缩期向外、舒张期向内运动
C、瘤壁与正常心肌组织间有由正常心肌向坏死心肌逐渐转化的交界区
D、瘤颈较宽,其长径小于瘤腔的最大径
E、室壁瘤可发生于室壁的任何部位,但以心尖部最常见
第7题
心肌梗死的并发症室壁瘤超声心动图特征不包括
A、室壁局部向外膨出,收缩期更明显
B、瘤颈较宽
C、膨出室壁变薄,呈矛盾运动
D、瘤体可见左向右分流血流信号
E、瘤壁与正常心肌组织间有逐渐转化的交界区
第8题
A.局部室壁向外膨出,舒张期更明显
B.膨出部分室壁变薄,呈矛盾运动,即收缩期向外、舒张期向内运动
C.瘤壁与正常心肌组织间有由正常心肌向坏死心肌逐渐转化的交界区
D.瘤颈较宽,其长径小于瘤腔的最大径
E.室壁瘤可发生于室壁的任何部位,但以心尖部最常见
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