听力原文：W: I don't think we have nearly enough information for our financial plan. But it

you lent me. I left it back in my dorm．

M: That's all right. I don't need it until tonight. As long as I get it by then.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

(14)

A．The man will not need the tape recorder tonight.

B．The man needs to use the tape recorder this evening.

C．The woman can return the tape recorder tomorrow.

D．The woman is sorry for losing the tape recorder.

so the humidity is going way up.

M: Sounds like I am going to have to find an air-conditioned place to be in.

Q: What is the man going to do?

(13)

A．He will search for an air-conditioner for his place.

B．He will find a place to fix an air-conditioner.

C．He will look for a place with air-conditioner to stay in.

D．He will have a place for air-conditioner.

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

听力原文：W: What sort of grade did you get on your research paper, I know how hard you worked on it.

M: Yeah, well. I was hoping for something really good. But the professor said that l made too many broad claims that weren't supported enough.

Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?

(12)

A．His research paper was really good and got high grade.

B．His research paper was refused by the professor.

C．His research paper won the professor's favor.

D．His research paper was organized with useless claims.

ween dying from HIV-AIDS and side effects.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

rgest in the number of HIV infection.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

drugs to prevent HIV in the next 10 years.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

New Hopes for Preventing AIDS

The success of anti-retroviral (抑止肿瘤病毒) drugs in treating HIV is getting researchers at the 16th International AIDS conference excited at the prospect that the potent medicines might be exploited to perform. double duty. Why not use the power of these ARVs to prevent an HIV transmission or infection from taking hold in the first place? Bill and Melinda Gates asked that provocative question on the opening day of the conference, and are committing their considerable financial resources toward finding an answer. In their remarks, they highlighted the need to develop microbicides and oral-prevention drugs while we wait for a vaccine. And they will get their first hint at how smart their decision was this Thursday, when scientists from West Africa report the initial results from the first trial studying an oral prevention drug.

So how realistic are the Gates in expecting even more from the ARVs? "I do think the range of prevention options we have within the next decade will greatly expand," says Dr. Helene Gayle, President of Care USA and co-chair of the conference. "The biologic plausibility for both microbicides and oral-prevention drags is so great." Dr. Mark Dybul, U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator, said that if a microbicide or prevention drug becomes available to protect people from infections, they would be funded under the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief if countries chose to use them. "We would support all of that; it would be perfectly within our mandate to do all that," he told TIME.

Preventing HIV is the only way to keep the number of new infections that occur each year -- 4 million -- from growing. And yet prevention strategies, always the ugly stepsister to treatment programs, have not really taken hold in the developing nations where the rate of infection is highest. An effective vaccine, of course, is the ultimate prevention weapon, but as the Gates' pointed out, an HIV shot is still a long way off. In the meantime, microbicides could be one way to co-opt ARVs into the prevention war; these are chemical compounds, usually in the form. of a gel or cream, that women can use vaginally prior to intercourse to stop the transmission of HIV -- it's the same idea behind spermicides (杀精子剂), which are chemical barriers to sperm entering the vagina and causing pregnancy. It's an elegantly simple approach, made even simpler by the fact that researchers didn't really have to start from scratch to come up with new anti-HIV compounds; they already have them in the ARVs, which now interrupt the virus from infecting cells at various points in its life cycle.

The key difference is that in a microbicide, the drugs are being used in healthy people rather than in those infected with HIV. When ARVs are used for treatment, both doctors and patients are willing to tolerate a higher level of side effects -- after all, if the choice is between dying from HIV-AIDS and side effects, most patients opt for the latter. If the drugs are to be used to prevent infection, however, everything changes; understandably, healthy people aren't as likely to accept the same level of side effects and toxicities as those already infected.

That's why clinical trials are so significant. So far, there are 30 to 40 different microbicide candidates being tested in animals, and five trials in Ghana, Nigeria and other developing nations at the most advanced stages of testing in women. Dr. Gita Ramjee, of the HIV Prevention Research Unit in Durban, South Africa, has worked with all five, and is hopeful that they will prove effective and make an impact on the disease. Because these latest microbicides are reformulated ARVs, however, the problem of the virus becoming resistant to them is a potential drawback. Dr. Peter Plot, of UNAIDS, suggests basing microbicides only on the drugs do not make it through the pharmaceutical pipeline many are rejected becaus

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

According to the last paragraph, what is the author's opinion about culture?

A．Culture and nurture are closely related to each other.

B．Culture is a motive force in social development.

C．Policymaking comes mainly from culture.

D．Scientific culture directs economic development.

_.

A．sound

B．unapproachable

C．groundless

D．naive

The author took Africa as an example in order to show ______.

A．the political advancement in some African countries

B．the sophisticated economy in some African countries

C．the artistic complexity in some African countries

D．the underdeveloped cultures in some African countries