Many typically "American" characteristics are a result of value. 【M1】______ There is a re

Bijie, Southwest Chinas Guizhou province, on Nov 16, 20 km away from their homes in a nearby village. Four of them dropped out school and refused to go back 【M1】______ despite of their teachers efforts to persuade them to do so. They 【M2】______ are brothers of poor families and their parents are peasants or migrant workers live hand-to-mouth. These children are typical 【M3】______ left-behind children who are victims of a lack of concern from parents and various psychological problems. As their custodians, the parents just could not afford to take their children with them. They had no choice or to leave the children with their 【M4】______ grandparents. The tragedys root cause lays in the development 【M5】______ model of China in the past several decades. Although surplus rural laborers can leave their hometown to look for better-paying jobs, their hukou, or household registrations, remain solid nailed in the 【M6】______ villages, which are linked with education, social security and 【M7】______ medical services. As China is pursuing more human-oriented development, institutional obstacles between urban and rural areas should be gradually eliminated. However, before this is realized, the governments of various levels and social organizations should do more to help the left-behind children and provide them for better 【M8】______ educations and emotional care. China has more than 200 million migrant workers. Their children should have as much chance as 【M9】______ their city counterparts to strive for better lives. The authorities and society should put the changes within their reach. So this huge 【M10】______ group of children will become more trouble for their families and society in the future.

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study has found evidence tobacco 【M1】______ use can chemically modify and effect the activity of genes known 【M2】______ to increase the risk of developing cancer. The finding may give researchers a new tool to assessing cancer risk among people who 【M3】______ smoke. DNA isnt destiny. Chemical compounds that affect the functioning of genes can bind to our genetic material, turning certain genes on or of. These so-called epigenetic modifications 【M4】______ can influence variety of traits, such as obesity and sexual 【M5】______ preference. Scientists have even identified specific epigenetic patterns on the genes of people who smoke. None of the modified genes has a direct link to cancer, therefore, making it unclear 【M6】______ whether these chemical alterations increase the risk of developing the disease. In the new study, publishing in Human Molecular Genetics, 【M7】______ researchers analyzed epigenetic signatures in blood cells from 374 individuals enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. EPIC, which its known, is a massive 【M8】______ study aimed at linking diet, lifestyle, and environmental factors to the incident of cancer and other chronic diseases. Half of the 【M9】______ group consisted in people who went on to develop colon or breast 【M10】______ cancer 5 to 7 years after first joining the study, whereas the other half remained healthy.

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West, and China is now riding the experimental tide. More than 80 parents of children with severe mental disabilities have booked all of next years spots in the program.(Sessions only run in the summer because the water temperatures are too cold for the kids in other seasons.)However, newcomers must wait until 2014, says Liu【M1】______ Quansheng, manager of the parks owner, Zhejiang Aquarium Investment Group. Despite of the demand, dolphin-assisted therapy has not been 【M2】______ scientifically proven. Still, many experts and parents of special-needs children swear in it. While the science of dolphin-assisted therapys 【M3】______ assortment of purported benefits hasnt been verified, many believe at least some benefits come from the experiences emotional magic. "Once the children are in the pool theyre only focused on the dolphins. They love it, because the creatures let the kids touch and kiss them, grab their fins and swim with them." Most opponents agree on the merit of the fun factor. Some also 【M4】______ claim it boost peoples immune systems. And many experts contend the【M5】______ therapys benefits run deeper. Dolphins presence palpably changes water. Those which swim with the creatures report fizzing sounds, as if【M6】______ the marine mammals carbonate the water. The sound has been compared as popcorn, flames and sparklers. The marine animals 【M7】______ ultrasonic energy is four times powerful than scientific instruments 【M8】______ using to peer inside the body to make diagnoses, monitor pregnancies 【M9】______ and break in kidney stones, gallstones and cataract-clouded lenses. This【M10】______ is amplified by the water, which transmits sounds at 60 times airs efficiency. The ultrasonic energy then enters our bodies — which are, in turn, mostly water. But how — and if — this helps children with mental disabilities remains unclear.

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e star beyond our solar system whose temperature and luminosity nearly matches the suns. If the 【M1】______ planets are there, one of them is about the right distance from the star to support mild temperatures, oceans of liquid water, and even life. Tau Ceti is only 12 light-years from Earth, just three times as far as our suns nearest stellar neighbor, Alpha Centauri. Tau Ceti assembles the sun so much that astronomer Frank Drake, who has 【M2】______ long sought radio signals from possible extraterrestrial civilizations, made it his first target back in 1960. Unlike most stars, that are 【M3】______ faint, cool, and small, Tau Ceti is a bright G-type yellow main-sequence star like the sun, a trait that only one in 25 stars boasts of. Moreover, unlike Alpha Centauri, which also harbors a 【M4】______ G-type star and even a planet, Tau Ceti is single, therefore theres 【M5】______ no second star in the system whose gravity could yank planets away. Astronomer Mikko Tuomi of the University of Hertfordshire in the United Kingdom and his colleagues analyzed more than 6,000 observations of Tau Ceti from telescopes in Chile, Australia, and Hawaii. As the researchers will report in Astronomy & Astrophysics, slight changes in Tau Cetis motion through space suggest that the star may be responding to gravitational tugs from five planets that are only about two to seven times as massive as Earth. If thats right, all five planets lie close to their star than Mars 【M6】______ does ours; however, Tau Ceti emits only 45% as much light as the 【M7】______ sun, so each planet receives less warmth than a planet would at the same distance from our sun. Tau Cetis three innermost planets — designated b, c, and d — are probably too hot to support life, being such close to the star that they require only 14, 35, and 【M8】______ 94 days to complete an orbit. The farthest of the three, d, is about as close to Tau Ceti as Mercury is to the sun. Its fourth 【M9】______ planet — planet e — that the scientists suggest might be another life-bearing world, even though its about four times as massive as Earth. If you live there, youd see a yellow sun in the sky, but your 【M10】______ year would last just 168 days.

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to show affection. One obvious answer is that it feels good. Densely packed nerve endings make your lips some of the most acutely sensitive regions of your entire body, and a few 【M2】______ things get them more riled up than a kiss. But where in humanitys evolutionary history putting our faces together come to be regarded 【M3】______ as a display of lust, care, friendship and love? One of the most compelling hypotheses surroundings the 【M4】______ emergence of kissing in humans and kiss-like behavior. in other species are tied to the widespread practice of passing pre-chewed or 【M5】______ regurgitated food from the mouth of one animal to another. Birds do it. Chimps do it. Many humans even do it. The pass of food from 【M6】______ one creature to another is certainly an intimate form. of interaction. Though this behavior. can be regarded as altruistic is debatable, but 【M7】______ the fact that caring for ones young and securing a mate are both crucial to an organisms ability to pass its genes on subsequent 【M8】______ generations supports the argument that this behavior. would be evolutionarily encouraged. The science of kissing is a fascinated thing to think about and 【M9】______ Philematology(the science and study of kissing)is becoming an increasingly popular area of study, for researchers strive to sort out 【M10】______ the mysteries of love and attraction. Though plenty of unanswered questions remain, perhaps its sufficient to say that kissing remains an excellent and exciting human pastime.

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s a mystery. All we really know is 【M1】______ men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express 【M2】______ thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they can 【M3】______ communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to present 【M4】______ those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken, or written in letters we call words. The power of words, then, lies on their associations — the 【M5】______ things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the long we live, the more 【M6】______ certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increase. 【M7】______ Great writers- are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully on 【M8】______ our minds and feelings. This charming and telling use of words is that we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of 【M9】______ words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should nevertheless learn to choose our words 【M10】______ carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and rude.

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lude the world ends on 21 December 2012. The question is why so many people are drawn by these tales 【M1】______ of impending destruction? Theres more reason to think it will 【M2】______ immediately lead to a planet-wide liquidation sale than if your desk calendar reaches the end of the year before youve bought a new one. Why are we so determined to think our days are numbered, and so willing to bend the facts to fit our delusions? My whole 【M3】______ unscientific theory is what stems from our understandable difficulty 【M4】______ grasping the walk-on part we all hold amid the sprawling enormity 【M5】______ of deep time. It is not easy to get our head round the Earth having 【M6】______ existed for billions of years, and with our own life in comparison 【M7】______ being an almost insignificant instant in the middle of it all. Thus 【M8】______ fleeting and so far from either end of the story that many of us behave like individual black holes, mentally warping time to write ourselves into the grand finale. Sooner or later, those who are convinced of our imminent doom will inevitably be proved right. The planet cant last forever — astronomers predict the planet only has around another 7.5 billion years when it is engulfed by the Sun and humans will likely have 【M9】______ disappeared much earlier. If we do have only the briefest lines in a seemingly interminable epic, shouldnt we make most of it while we 【M10】______ are on stage?

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ahead. But most of them have little 【M1】______ choice: they sell at the price the market sets. Farmers in Europe, the US and Japan are luckier: they receive massive government subsidies in the form. of guaranteeing prices or direct handout. 【M2】______ Agricultural production in most poor countries accounts up to 【M3】______ 50% of GDP, compared to only 3% in rich countries. But most farmers in poor countries grow just enough for themselves and their families. These who try exporting to the West find their goods 【M4】______ whacked with huge tariffs or competed against cheaper subsidized 【M5】______ goods. Agriculture is one of the few areas in which the Third World can compete with. Land and labor are cheap, and as farming 【M6】______ methods develop, new technologies should improve output. This is a 【M7】______ pie-in-the-sky speculation. The biggest success in Kenyas economy over the past decade has been the boom in exports of cut flowers and vegetables to Europe. Poor countries have long suspected that the rich world urges trade liberalization only so it can wangle their way into new markets. 【M8】______ And now Kenya is considered to be slightly over rich to qualify for 【M9】______ the least-developed country status that allows African producers to avoid paying stiff European import duties on selected agricultural products. With trade barriers in the place, the horticulture industry in【M10】______ Kenya may shrivel as quickly as a discarded rose.

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e up to my familys cottage. There was 【M1】______ tea and whiskey and turf was blazing in the grate. Late in evening, 【M2】______ one of them suddenly started to sing. Just his voice in the silence, high and reedy. At moments like that, song becomes the soundtrack of our lives. Man all starts with our first music — our mothers voice. 【M3】______ Around the world, every Saturday in the stands and every Sunday in the pews, people join together in song. Birthdays, marriages and deaths are solemnized until people open their mouths and sing. 【M4】______ When music involves a voice, if you love Callas or Adele or 【M5】______ Queen, all instruments are always the second fiddle. The voice is a 【M6】______ fingerprint, a personal stamp capable of endless variety. Borrowing the plosives and fricatives of speaking language, it imparts a feeling, 【M7】______ a mood or a story. Nearly all music bears the mark of the voice. When you hear the sinuous melody of a Chopin prelude, you are hearing the piano agitate the voice. 【M8】______ Singing is good for us. Exertion and concentration fortifies the mind and invigorates the body. If only you cannot muster the 【M9】______ confidence to join the local choral society, wait until the coast is clear, shut yourself safely behind the bathroom door and get under the shower. Then open your mouth, fill up your lung, and launch into【M10】______ a stonking good tune. The music is there inside you. You just need to find your voice.

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ton who shaped the role on his own 【M1】______ battle-hewn hands. Elected unanimously, he assured the job 【M2】______ reluctantly and batted away efforts to make him a king. His humility ensured the institution was built to the last. 【M3】______ It would have been easy for the first boss of a new government to have grown tipsy with power. So after years of fighting against 【M4】______ hunger and defeated as a revolutionary hero on the battlefield, 【M5】______ Washington was not seduced by pomp. He rejected an array of flowery titles, preferring the simplicity of Mr. President. Not only did he drone on at the lectern, but he swiftly appointed an 【M6】______ ideologically balanced cabinet of advisers, including Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. Mindful of precedent, he personally ensured his executive power is checked by the legislative and judicial 【M7】______ branches of government. After decades of public service, Washington pined for a quiet life at home in Virginia, and hoped to retire after one four-year term in office. He succumbed to take a second term in the interests of 【M8】______ national unity, but was then glad to hand over the reins to his electing successor, John Adams. 【M9】______ Few American children are spared some malarkey about a young George Washington who cannot tell a lie. These tales are 【M10】______ largely invented to explain Washingtons integrity as an adult. Americas first president was not a witty intellectual or a scintillating orator, but he was uniquely honorable at a vulnerable time for the nascent republic.

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