A third likely explanation for infantile amnesia involves incompatibilities between the wa

How does paragraph 7 relate to the earlier discussion of infantile amnesia?

A．It introduces a new theory about the causes of infantile amnesia.

B．It argues that particular theories discussed earlier in the passage require further research.

C．It explains how particular theories discussed earlier in the passage may work in combination.

D．It evaluates which of the theories discussed earlier is most likely to be true.

Hearing and telling stories about events may help children store information in ways that will endure into later childhood and adulthood. Through hearing stories with a clear beginning, middle, and ending, children may learn to extract the gist of events in ways that they will be able to describe many years later. Consistent with this view, parents and children increasingly engage in discussions of past events when children are about three years old. However, hearing such stories is not sufficient for younger children to form. enduring memories. Telling such stories to two year olds does not seem to produce long-lasting verbalizable memories.

Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 7? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

A．Incomplete physiological development may partly explain why hearing stories does not improve long-term memory in infants and toddlers.

B．One reason why preschoolers fail to comprehend the stories they hear is that they are physiologically immature.

C．Given the chance to hear stories, infants and toddlers may form. enduring memories despite physiological immaturity.

D．Physiologically mature children seem to have no difficulty remembering stories they heard as preschoolers.

nformation is that they cannot

A．process a lot of information at one time

B．organize experiences according to type

C．block out interruptions

D．interpret the tone of adult language

The phrase "This view" in the passage refers to the belief that

A．the ability to retrieve a memory partly depends on the similarity between the encoding and retrieving process

B．the process of encoding information is less complex for adults than it is for young adults and infants

C．infants and older children are equally dependent on discussion of past events for the retrieval of information

D．infants encode information in the same way older children and adults do

The word "perspective" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A．system

B．theory

C．source

D．viewpoint

to memory. Maturation of the frontal lobes of the brain continues throughout early childhood, and this part of the brain may be critical for remembering particular episodes in ways that can be retrieved later. Demonstrations of infants and toddlers long-term memory have involved their repeating motor activities that they had seen or done earlier, such as reaching in the dark for objects, putting a bottle in a dolls mouth, or pulling apart two pieces of a toy. The brains level of physiological maturation may support these types of memories, but not ones requiring explicit verbal descriptions.

The word "critically" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A．fundamentally

B．partially

C．consistently

D．subsequently

in paragraph 2 EXCEPT:

A．The ability to recall an event decreases as the time after the event increases.

B．Young children are not capable of forming memories that last for more than a short time.

C．People may hold back sexually meaningful memories.

D．Most events in childhood are too ordinary to be worth remembering.

The word "phenomenon" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A．exception

B．repetition

C．occurrence

D．idea

The "plausible" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A．flexible

B．believable

C．debatable

D．predictable

a pattern emerging: certain fossils always appear in more ancient sediments, while others begin to be seen as the strata become more recent. By following the fossils, Smith was able to put all the strata of Englands earth into relative temporal sequence. About the same time, Georges Cuvier made the same discovery while studying the rocks around Paris. Soon it was realized that this principal of faunal(animal)succession was valid not only in England or France but virtually everywhere. It was actually a principle of floral succession as well, because plants showed the same transformation through time as did fauna. Limestone may be found in the Cambrian or—300 million years later—in the Jurassic strata, but a trilobite—the ubiquitous marine arthropod that had its birth in the Cambrian—will never be found in Jurassic strata, nor a dinosaur in the Cambrian.

A．Not only could Smith identify rock strata by the fossils they contained, he could also see a pattern emerging: certain fossils always appear in more ancient sediments, while others begin to be seen as the strata become more recent. The findings of these geologists inspired others to examine the rock and fossil records in different parts of the world. By following the fossils, Smith was able to put all the strata of England"s earth into relative temporal sequence.About the same time, Georges Cuvier made the same discovery while studying the rocks around Paris.Soon it was realized that this principal of faunal(animal)succession was valid not only in England or France but virtually everywhere.It was actually a principle of floral succession as well, because plants showed the same transformation through time as did fauna. Limestone may be found in the Cambrian or—300 million years later—in the Jurassic strata, but a trilobite—the ubiquitous marine arthropod that had its birth in the Cambrian—will never be found in Jurassic strata, nor a dinosaur in the Cambrian.

B．Not only could Smith identify rock strata by the fossils they contained, he could also see a pattern emerging: certain fossils always appear in more ancient sediments, while others begin to be seen as the strata become more recent.By following the fossils, Smith was able to put all the strata of England"s earth into relative temporal sequence. The findings of these geologists inspired others to examine the rock and fossil records in different parts of the world. About the same time, Georges Cuvier made the same discovery while studying the rocks around Paris.Soon it was realized that this principal of faunal(animal)succession was valid not only in England or France but virtually everywhere.It was actually a principle of floral succession as well, because plants showed the same transformation through time as did fauna. Limestone may be found in the Cambrian or—300 million years later—in the Jurassic strata, but a trilobite—the ubiquitous marine arthropod that had its birth in the Cambrian—will never be found in Jurassic strata, nor a dinosaur in the Cambrian.

C．Not only could Smith identify rock strata by the fossils they contained, he could also see a pattern emerging: certain fossils always appear in more ancient sediments, while others begin to be seen as the strata become more recent.By following the fossils, Smith was able to put all the strata of England"s earth into relative temporal sequence.About the same time, Georges Cuvier made the same discovery while studying the rocks around Paris. The findings of these geologists inspired others to examine the rock and fossil records in different parts of the world. Soon it was realized that this principal of faunal(animal)succession was valid not only in England or France but virtually everywhere.It was actually a principle of floral succession as well, because plants showed the same transformation through time as did fauna. Limestone may be found in the Cambrian or—300 million years later—in the Jurassic strata, but a trilobite—the ubiquitous marine arthropod that had its birth in the Cambrian—will never be found in Jurassic strata, nor a dinosaur in the Cambrian.

D．Not only could Smith identify rock strata by the fossils they contained, he could also see a pattern emerging: certain fossils always appear in more ancient sediments, while others begin to be seen as the strata become more recent.By following the fossils, Smith was able to put all the strata of England"s earth into relative temporal sequence.About the same time, Georges Cuvier made the same discovery while studying the rocks around Paris.Soon it was realized that this principal of faunal(animal)succession was valid not only in England or France but virtually everywhere. The findings of these geologists inspired others to examine the rock and fossil records in different parts of the world. It was actually a principle of floral succession as well, because plants showed the same transformation through time as did fauna. Limestone may be found in the Cambrian or—300 million years later—in the Jurassic strata, but a trilobite—the ubiquitous marine arthropod that had its birth in the Cambrian—will never be found in Jurassic strata, nor a dinosaur in the Cambrian.