How did the colonists learn to make com bread？A．They were shown how by the Indians.B．They

was more common than wheat bread. Friendly Indians showed colonists how to grow com and how to prepare it for food and pioneer women then improved the Indian cooking techniques. When people traveled, they went on foot or horseback, sleeping and eating in the forests. They carded com bread for sustenance; the com bread came to be called journey cake. Later when roads and taverns were built and stagecoaches carded passengers, journeycake became johnnycake, a name many easterners still use for corn breed. The kinds of bread made with cornmeal were-and still are-almost without limit. Every region has its specialties.

In colonial times, why was com bread more common than wheat bread?

A．The colonists preferred com breed.

B．Corn was more abundant.

C．The colonists did not know how to make wheat bread.

D．Com bread did not spoil as rapidly as wheat breed did.

The passage is chiefly about ______.

A．the county government

B．the county seat

C．the county

D．the components of a county

nships and several villages. New York City is so large that it is divided into five separate boroughs, each a country in its right: The Bronx, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens and Richmond. On the other hand, Arlington County, Virginia, just across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C., is both an urbanized and suburban area, which is not further divided.

The author writes the passage to give the reader a kind of ______.

A．argument

B．description

C．persuasion

D．information

ot always go hand in hand. Persons with great potential abilities sometimes fall down on the job because of laziness or lack of interest in the job, while persons with mediocre talents have often achieved excellent results through their industry and their loyally to the interests of their employers. It is clear, therefore, that the final test of any employee is his performance on the job.

The most accurate of the following statements, on the basis of the following paragraph, is that ______.

A．employees who lack ability are usually not industrious

B．an employee's attitudes are not so important as his abilities

C．mediocre employees are preferable to employees who possess great ability

D．superior capacity for performance should be supplemented with proper attitudes

The third paragraph passage mainly discusses ______.

A．what lichens look like

B．where lichens can be found

C．how lichens are classified

D．how lichens reproduce

All of the following are mentioned as being a part of the lichen EXCEPT ______.

A．a fungus

B．algae

C．a beetle

D．bacteria

Often modestly colored, and seemingly two-dimensional as they cling to whatever surface they find, they grow in background - as though designed to be ignored. Yet they hold a special fascination for botanists, partly because they present mysteries still to be solved and partly because they do so many things so well.

No casual observer 'of a lichen would ever suspect that it was a composite of interacting life forms. This seemingly uncomplicated lichen is actually composed of a fungus and a colony of algae (or blue-green algae, which some scientists now consider to be bacteria). A few species even include all three of these diverse forms of life. A complete lichen is strikingly different from its separated partners in both appearance and biochemistry-many produce unique compounds which cannot be made by the component organisms alone.

Lichens grow in almost every natural habitat imaginable, from deserts to tropical rain forests-even on the backs of certain beetles in New Guinea, and i0side rocks (along with algae ) in the otherwise barren dry valleys of Antarctica.

Many species can tolerate extreme heat, cold. or dryness. Very few, however, can survive heavy air pollution, and many live only where the air is very clean. The disappearance of lichens from an area gives warning of a threatened environment.

The author states that lichens grow "as though designed to be ignored" because they are ______.

A．not totally understood by botanists

B．troublesome to collect for the purposes of study

C．uncomplicated in their internal structure

D．not easily noticed by observers

What prediction does the groundhog supposedly make?

A．If he sees his shadow, it will soon be spring.

B．If he sees his shadow, spring will arrive in six weeks.

C．If he does not see his shadow, spring will arrive in six weeks.

D．If he does not see his shadow, all the snow will disappear immediately.

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．Animals have a certain instinct which helps them predict the seasons.

B．According to the legend, the groundhog leaves his burrow on February 2.

C．Groups of people in Pennsylvania wait for the groundhog's predictions.

D．After his long period of hibernation, the groundhog looks very thin.

that question is not certain, but a group of people get together every February 2 in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, to watch Punxsutawney "Pete" leave his burrow. What "Pete" does next, many believe, will indicate whether spring is just around the comer or a long way off, You see, in Pennsylvania on this date there is usually a great deal of snow on the ground, and the little animal has been hibernating during the long, cold winter. He gorged himself during the autumn months and then went into his burrow for a long sleep, his body fat helping keep him alive. But as he emerges on February 2, he looks very thin. If the sun is shining brightly and he sees his shadow, according to legend, it scares him back into his home where he will stay another six weeks. Should it be cloudy and gray, the little animal will supposedly wander While many believe in the groundhog's predictions, it is unwise to accept them as factual.

According to this reading, why do people gather every year to observe the groundhog?

A．He's cute and playful, and children love to watch him.

B．He's looking for food and the people want to help him find it in the snow.

C．Many people believe him to be a harbinger of spring.

D．The people want to be sure he is alive after such a long winter.