Green Wave Washes Over Mainstream Shopping
Research in Britain has shown that "green consumers" continue to flourish as a significant group among shoppers. This suggests that politicians who claim environmentalism is yesterday's issue may be seriously misjudging the public mood.
A report from Mintel, the market research organization, says that despite recession and financial pressures, more people than ever want to buy environmentally friendly products and a "green wave" has swept through consumerism, taking in people previously untouched by environmental concerns. The recently published report also predicts that the process will repeat itself with "ethical" concerns, involving issues such as fair trade with the Third World and the social record of businesses. Companies will have to be more honest and open in response to this mood.
Mintel's survey, based on nearly 1,000 consumers, found that the proportion who look for green products and are prepared to pay more for them has climbed from 53 percent in 1990 to around 60 percent in 1994. On average, they will pay 13 percent more for such products, although this percentage is higher among women, managerial and professional groups and those aged 35 to 44.
Between 1990 and 1994 the proportion of consumers claiming to be unaware of or unconcerned about green issues fell from 18 to 10 percent but the number of green spender among older people and manual workers has risen substantially. Regions such as Scotland have also caught up with the south of England in their environmental concerns. According to Mintel, the image of green consumerism as associated in the past with the more eccentric members of society has virtually disappeared. The consumer research manager for Mintel, Angela Hughes, said it had become firmly established as a mainstream market. She explained that as far as the average person is concerned environmentalism has not "gone off the boil". In fact, it has spread across a much wider range of consumer groups, ages and occupations.
Mintel's 1994 survey found that 13 percent of consumers are "very dark green", nearly always buying environmentally friendly products, 28 percent are "dark green", trying "as far as possible" to buy such products, and 21 percent are "pale green" tending to buy green products if they see them. Another 26 percent are "armchair greens"; they said they care about environmental issues but their concern does not affect their spending habits. Only 10 percent say they do not care about green issues.
Four in ten people are "ethical spenders", buying goods which do not, for example, involve dealings with oppressive regimes. This figure is the same as in 1990, although the number of "armchair ethicals" has risen from 28 to 35 percent and only 22 percent say they are, unconcerned now, against 30 percent in 1990. Hughes claims that in the twenty-first century, consumers will be encouraged to think more about the entire history of the products and services they buy, including the policies of the companies that provide them and that this will require a greater degree of honesty with consumers.
Among green consumers, animal testing is the top issue—48 percent said they would be deterred from buying a product if it had been tested on animals followed by concerns regarding irresponsible selling, the ozone layer, river and sea pollution, forest destruction, recycling and factor farming. However, concern for specific issues is lower than in 1990, suggesting that many consumers feel that Government and business have taken on the environmental agenda.
The research findings report commercial rather than political trends.
A.Y
B.N
C.NG
第1题
A.老年人机体器官和系统功能减退
B.老年人维持机体内环境平衡稳定的能力下降
C.代偿恢复的速度增加
D.各种生理调节功能降低
第2题
老年人药物吸收率降低,原因不包括
A.老年人胃肠道活动减少
B.老年人吸收面积减少
C.老年胃酸分泌增加
D.老年人内脏血流量降低
E.药物在胃肠道停留的时间延长
第3题
男性老年人易发生前列腺肥大,其原因可能与哪项有关
A、甲状腺功能降低
B、性腺功能降低
C、对胰岛素反应能力降低
D、性激素分泌减少
E、基础代谢率降低
第4题
男性老年人易发生前列腺肥大,其原因可能与______有关
A.甲状腺功能较低
B.对胰岛素反应能力降低
C.性腺功能降低
D.性激素分泌减少
E.基础代谢率降低
第5题
老年人易患糖尿病,其原因可能与______有关
A.甲状腺功能较低
B.对胰岛素反应能力降低
C.性腺功能降低
D.性激素分泌减少
E.基础代谢率降低
第7题
A.老年人肝功能细胞减少,药物代谢能力降低,一些经肝脏代谢的药物,使血药浓度升高,更易出现不良反应
B.随着增龄,机体对糖皮质激素的反应性普遍降低,对激素的调节能力下降,老年人应用糖皮质激素需更加慎重
C.老年人中枢神经系统对药物的耐受性降低,有时疗效不明显时,副作用可能已明显出现
D.以上都是
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