Read and think about the following statement: Pets should be treated like family members.

"A Tourist Attraction"

Listen for a question about a familiar topic.

Question

If you were asked to choose one place in your country where you would take a tourist, which one would you choose? Why? What is especially impressive about the place? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.

Preparation Time:15 seconds

Preparation Time:45 seconds

eletal muscle or cardiac muscle.

ost. Click in the correct box for each phrase. YES NO

.

Begin reading now.

Reading Time: 45 seconds

Living in Harmony with Animals

If you are looking to help animals, look no further than your day-to-day activities. Every day offers new opportunities to live more humanely. You don't have to make radical changes—even small changes can make a big difference. The three Rs of humane living—reduce, refine, replace—can help you make choices. Here's an example of how to apply the three Rs to the food you eat. Reduce the amount of meat, eggs, and dairy products in your diet; refine your eating habits by choosing more humanely produced options; and replace animal products with vegetarian choices.

"Meeting People"

Now listen to a short conversation between a student and his friend.

Question

Describe the man's problem, and the two suggestions that his friend makes about how to handle it. What do you think the man should do, and why?

Preparation Time:20 seconds

Recording Time:60 seconds

Reading

In this question, you will read a short passage on an academic subject, and then listen to a talk on the same topic. Then you will answer a question using information from both the reading and the talk. After the question, you will have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.

Now read the passage about ways of establishing animal intelligence. You have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.

Animal Intelligence

A traditional method for determining an animal's intelligence was related to the ratio of brain to body mass. However, this method was inconsistent. Most humming birds have a higher ratio than humans, although they are clearly less intelligent. Current attempts to quantify an animal's intelligence focus on observations of social behavior. and problem-solving skills. Species with well-developed social lives, which usually require advanced forms of communication, are considered more intelligent. However, communication is not the only factor to consider. Another area that is given a lot of importance in these investigations is the level and style. of play employed by younger members of the species. The more elaborate the play, the higher the level of intelligence assumed. Another indicator of intelligence is the use of tools. This shows an increased awareness of an animal's immediate environment and an understanding of cause and effect, which is based on the ability to predict future results.

Listening

Question

The professor describes the behavior. of dolphins. Explain how their behavior. shows a high level of intelligence.

"Skinner Box"

Now listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class. The professor is discussing the Skinner Box.

Question

Using the main points and examples from the lecture, describe the Skinner Box, and then explain how the device is used in psychology experiments.

Preparation Time:20 seconds

Recording Time:60 seconds

ave only a few thousand students．Which size of university do you think is better for students, and why? Include details and examples in your explanation．

"Pangea"

Read a short passage and then listen to part of a lecture on the same topic.

Reading Time: 45 seconds

Pangea

Plate tectonics assumes that the Earth's rigid outer layer is comprised of a number of slabs called plates, which are constantly in motion, changing the position of land masses and seascapes relative to each other throughout history. The plates move slowly but continuously at about the rate of 2 inches every year. The movement of the plates themselves may be caused by the unequal distribution of heat and pressure below them. Very hot material deep within the mantle, that is, the layer of rock inside the Earth, moves upward while the cooler layer descends into the mantle, putting the outer crust of the continents in motion. Several large plates include an entire continent with its surrounding seafloor; however, the boundaries of the plates do not correspond precisely with the seven continents that we recognize today.

Now listen to part of a lecture in a geography class. The professor is talking about Pangea.

Question

Explain how plate tectonics relates to the theory of continental drift.

Preparation Time: 30 seconds

Recording Time: 60 seconds