Developing varieties is___________（使我们的产品进入国际市场的关键)．

ve million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language, as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

It is virtually impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own language. The purposes for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to define and still more difficult to assess what constitutes an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language. Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of the most important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the dissemination(传播)of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for access to the scientific and technological development in the West.

There are about 260 million people who can speak ______.

A．English in its regional variety

B．English in its standard variety

C．English as a second language

D．English as a working language

Part A

Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 2600 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language, as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

It is virtually impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purposes for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to define and still more difficult to assess what constitutes an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present - day importance as a world language. Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of the most important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the dissemination of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi - lingual populations and, need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for access to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

What would be an appropriate title for this selection？

A．The Difficulties of Learning English.

B．Internal Communications.

C．The Standard Varieties of English.

D．English as a World Language.

n about five million. Today it is estimated that some 300 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms. In fact, [30] it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own language. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. [31] Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

(30)

A．Languages people use in international communication.

B．The popularity of English as a world language.

C．The development of English as a native language.

D．The variety of English in spoken and written forms.

听力原文： The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million．Today it is estimated that some 300 million people speak it as a native language，mainly in the United States，Canada，Great Britain，Ireland，South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as vicious levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms．In fact，it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own language. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation．

The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present importance as a world language．Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers，English is a language in which some of important works in science，technology and other fields are being produced，and not always by native speakers．it is widely used for，such purposes as airport communications，international conferences，and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations．It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries，especially former British colonies．Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government，commerce，industry，law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West．

(30)

A．Languages people use in international communication.

B．The popularity of English as a world language.

C．The development of English as a native language.

D．The variety of English in spoken and written forms.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language, as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

It is virtually impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purposes for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to define and still more difficult to assess (评估，估价); what constitutes an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

The main reason for the widespread demand for English lies in its importance as a world language. Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of the most important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological (气象的), and airport communications, international conferences, and the dissemination (传播), of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual (懂多种语言的) populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for access to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

What would be an appropriate title for this selection？

A．The Difficulties of Learning English.

B．Internal Communications.

C．The Standard Varieties of English.

D．English as a World Language.

uced by conventional agriculture will disappear, but simply that food-buying patterns will polarize: there will be a niche market for conventional foodstuffs just as there is for organic food.It may even be that GM food will become the food of preference because consumers come to appreciate the health benefits of reduced pesticide use.

Currently there are some 20,000 chemicals in use, but the scientists only have detailed information around 1,000 of them.To see the advantages of GM food you have only to consider the recent press revelation that the average lettuce receives eleven pesticide applications before it reaches the supermarket shelf.I’m sure chemicals and their role in disease will become a big issue in the 21st century as the population of the developed world worries increasingly about its health.

The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the world’s predicted population growth to ten or eleven billion.It’s not just a question of more mouths to feed either.What is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space, reducing the overall land available for agriculture.

The world has 800 million hungry people.Until now, food supplies have been increased by improved varieties, pesticides and artificial fertilizers: the green revolution.Now we’re on the edge of a new one: a genetic revolution.

It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world that benefits most from GM food.It is true that for the next years or so GM crops may be too expensive.

6. According to the passage, food supplies have been increased by all the following except_____________.

A.pesticides

B.artificial fertilizers

C.improved varieties

D.transportation

7.How many chemicals are still less familiar to the scientists？()

A.20,000.

B.1,000

C.19,000

D.21,000.

8.Why will people prefer GM food in the future？()

A.Because it uses less pesticides.

B.Because it is much cheaper.

C.Because the production is increased.

D.Because it is organic food.

9.Which of the following is NOT true？()

A.By 2050, the world population will grow to ten or eleven billion.

B.In the 21st century, GM food will take the place of conventional food.

C.More and more people will reduce the overall land available for farming.

D.More and more people will consume more food and occupy more space.

10.The author’s attitude towards GM food is _______.

A.negative

B.positive

C.critical

D.uncertain

More Rural Research is Needed

1．Agricultural research funding is vital if the world is to feed itself better than it does now．Dr．Tony Fischer, crop scientist, said demand was growing at 2．5% per year, but with modern technologies and the development of new ones, the world should be able to stay ahead.

2．"The global decline in investment in international agricultural research must be reversed if significant.progress is to be made towards reducing malnutrition(营养不良)and poverty," he said.

3．Research is needed to solve food production, land degradation(贫瘠化)and environmental problem．Secure local food supplies led to economic growth which, in turn, slowed population growth．Dr．Fischer painted a picture of the world's ability to feed itself in the first 25 years of the new century, when the world's population is expected to rise from 5.8 to 8 billion．He said that things will probably hold or improve but there'll still be a lot of hungry people．The biggest concentration of poor and hungry people would be :in subSaharan Africa and southern Asia in 2020, similar to the current pattern．If there is any change, a slight improvement will be seen in southern Asia, but not in subSaharan Africa．The major improvement will be in East Asia, South America and Southeastern Asia.

4．The developing world was investing about 0．5%, or $8 billion a year, of its agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) on research, and the developed world was spending 2.5 % of its GDP．Dr．Fisher said more was needed from all countries.

5．He said crop research could produce technologies, that spread across many countries, such as wheat, production research having spin-offs for Mexico, China or India.

6．"Technologies still need to be refined for the local conditions but a lot of the strategic research can have global application, so that money can be used very efficiently," Dr.Fischer said.

7．Yields of rice, wheat and maize(玉米)have grown impressively in the past 30 years,especially in developing .countries．For example, maize production rose from 2 to 8 tonnes per hectare(公顷)between 1950 and 1995．But technologies driving this growth, such as high-yield varieties, fertilizers and irrigation, were becoming exhausted．"If you want to save the land for non-agricultural activities, for forests and wildlife, you're going to have to increase yield," Dr．Fischer said.

A．The Same or Improved Food Supply Situation in 2020

B．Research Focus on Increased Yield

C More Research Funding Needed

D．Local Situations Analyzed

E．Increase in Investment on Agricultural Research

F．Sustained Development of Modern Technologies

第 23 题 Paragraph 1____.

conventional agriculture will disappear, but simply that food-buying patterns will polarize: there will be a niche market(瞄准机会的市场) for conventional foodstuffs just as there is for organic food. It may even be that GM food will become the food of preference because consumers come to appreciate the health benefits of reduced pesticide use.

Currently there are some 20,000 chemicals in use, but the scientists only have detailed information on around 1,000 of them. To see the advantages of GM food you have only to consider the recent press revelation that the average lettuce(莴苣) receives eleven pesticide applications before it reaches the supermarket shelf. I'm sure chemicals and their role in disease will become a big issue in the next century, as the population of the developed world worries increasingly about its health.

The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the world's predicted population growth to ten or eleven billion. It's not just a question of more mouths to feed either. What is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space, reducing the overall land available for agriculture.

The world has 800 million hungry people. Until now, food supplies have been increased by improved varieties, pesticides and artificial fertilizers: the green revolution. Now we're on the edge of a new revolution: a genetic one.

It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world that benefits most from GM foods. It's true that for the next ten years or so GM crops may be too expensive. But the lesson of personal computers is applicable here—once the technology has been developed for money—spinning crops, like maize(玉米) and cotton, it will filter down and become affordable for all. This doesn't mean, unfortunately, that famines will disappear, but severity and duration will be helped by an improved ability to produce and distribute food.

Why may GM foodstuffs be liked by people in the future？

A．Because they will be cheaper than conventional foodstuffs.

B．Because they will remove people's worries about taking many chemicals.

C．Because it will be more convenient for people to get them.

D．Because conventional foodstuffs will not be available in the future.