SECTION BENGLISH TO CHINESEDirections: Translate the following text into Chinese.But as we

Over the last decade there has been increasing interest in newer techniques

aimed at increasing the accuracy and objectivity of the diagnosis of

disease. In the new future, diagnosing a patient's illness may become much

less painful for the patient and less uncertain for the doctor. Research and

technological advances in scientific photography ultimately enables a doctor 【M1】______.

to discover a patient's problem with pictures rather than by blood and tissue【M2】______.

samples. Such new diagnostic techniques may even help doctors detect

diseases much earlier than using conventional techniques. One new technique 【M3】______.

is thermography, a photographic process in which variations in temperature

within the body show up as different colors. Even at rest, the

temperatures of different areas of the body are constant changing. Scientists【M4】______.

are now trying to understand why this was true and how these variations 【M5】______.

in temperature relate with illness. Whereas the research is incomplete, most 【M6】______.

scientists agree that thermography holds definite possibilities for early detection

of disease or for predicting an individual's predisposition for certain healthy conditions. 【M7】______.

This technique of measuring the varieties of body temperature 【M8】______.

graphically has a great advantage than X-rays and other conventional diagnostic【M9】______.

methods. With thermography, there are no side effects, no uncomfortable

exploratory procedures and there is no need to take blood and tissue

samples. Patients don't need not 1o endure pain or fear of unknown

procedures. There is no question that this new photographic technique will

prove health care in the future. 【M10】______.

【M1】

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in

pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling.

(orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt

'naturally' and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt 【B1】______

deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact,

remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what 【B2】______

our speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often 【B3】______

comes as a shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. 【B4】______

It is not a voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting

is something which we almost always know. We begin the 'natural' 【B5】______

learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or

write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and 【B6】______

practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours

per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult 【B7】______

English spelling. This is 'natural', therefore, that our speech-sounds 【B8】______

should be those of our immediate circle；after all, as we have seen,

speech operates as a means of holding a community and 【B9】______

giving a sense of 'belonging'. We learn quite early to recognize a

'stranger', someone who speaks with an accent of a different

community — perhaps only a few miles far. 【B10】______

【B1】

Because human anatomy does not change (except

over long periods of time), knowledge acquired a

century ago was still accurate today. Broad functions 【M1】 ______

of any part of the body, such as the skin, are dupli - 【M2】 ______

cated in different ways by organs. One can

eventually understand the entire body as a larger

system made up of smaller, interdependent system.

Cross-seciton of the skin reveals a top layer of 【M3】 ______

epidermis, or cuticle, followed by derma, and finally,

a subcutaneous cellular tissue. Sprouting through all 【M4】 ______

three layers are hairs, with hair follicles and erector

pili muscles embedded deep within the subcutaneous

tissue. Sweat ( sudoriferous glands), fat cells, and

sebaceous glands are scattered throughout, however 【M5】 ______

papillae, which are conical and extremely sensitive,

can be found directly beneath the superficial layer.

The skin is the primary organ of the sense of

touch. It can also excrete substances as well as absorb 【M6】 ______

them, and it plays a vital role in regulating body

temperature and in protecting the tissue that lie 【M7】 ______

beneath it.

The epidermis has no veins or arteries and varies

considerably both in thickness and in the depth or

fineness of its furrows. On the palm, for example,

the skin is quite thick, or horny, and is marked by

deep furrows or lines. On the back of the hand,

however, the skin is thick, and has only a faint 【M8】 ______

network of lines crisscrossing it. The pigment found

in the epidermis gives whatever color there is to the

skin; this pigment is similar with that found in the retina 【M9】 ______

of the eye. One layer down, in the derma, there is

similar varietion in thickness, mostly to protect 【M10】______

underlying tissue.

【M1】

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Directions: Translate the following text into English.

我的最大爱好是深思默想。我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。独享欢乐是一种愉快，独自忧伤也是一种愉快。孤独的时候，精神不会是一片纯粹的空白，它仍然是一个丰富多彩的世界。情绪上的大欢乐和大悲痛往往都在孤独中产生。孤独中，思维可以不依照逻辑进行。孤独更多地产生人生的诗情——激昂的和伤感的。孤独可以使人的思想向更遥远更深邃的地方伸展，也能使你对自己或环境作更透彻的认识和检讨。

Ordinary people’s lives are governed by forms and notice from the moment 【M1】 ______

their birth is registered until the day they die. Yet many can make no sense to 【M2】 ______

the words on the bits of paper.

It is 33 years since Sir Ernest Gowers writes book called Plain Words to 【M3】 ______

guide civil servants in writing clear English. Sadly, officials who are writing now

do not seem to have read the book.

They excuse the fact that much what they write cannot be understood by 【M4】 ______

arguing that complicated schemes must have complicated explanations. They

also claim readers would think it insult to their intelligence to be addressed 【M5】 ______

in simple English.

They think the long words and fine phrases make what they have to say 【M6】 ______

seemmore important. They do not care very much if customers and clients remain

ignorant. Public ignorance makes their job easier.

As a result we have forms tha! even people who can read well cannot fill in

them correctly. Important agreements are based on unreadable small print. 【M7】 ______

Warning notices on dangerous materials is printed so small that few people 【M8】 ______

would read and understand them before an accident, let alone after it.

The legal pressure to businesses to use simpler language has made a 【M9】 ______

difference, even if lawyers and courts themselves still use the language ordinary

people can read. Companies can now make big profits from simplifying the 【M10】______

language of contracts and complicated documents for fees of up to $ 10,000 for

each job.

【M1】

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

As you linger on the mountain pass to admire the rugged reflection of Beinn an Lochaint in the waters of Loch Resti, spare a thought for the weary sheep drovers who used to pause here for breath after the long steep climb from Loch Fyne. "Rest and Be Thankful2" is the name of this spot, a title coined by the soldiers who built the first road here 250 years ago. Since then its wild beauty has thrilled generations of crofters and passing travelers. And now you.

Of course your journey through Scotland may not take you this way, but wherever you go you're in for a treat. You might linger in the Borders to explore the dignified ruins of once-powerful abbeys or fish for plump salmon in the Tweed. Or follow in the footsteps of Rob Roy and Walter Scott through the Trossachs to soak "the scenery of a fairy dream", as Scott described it. Perhaps you'll potter around colourful fishing villages in the Kingdom of Fife and tee off on the legendary Old Course in St Andrews. Or venture into Speyside to tickle your tastebuds on the malt whisky trail.

If it's drama you're after, you'll head for the Highlands, a vast swathe of untamed wilderness fringed by mile upon mile of fretted coastline dotted with islands. Land and sea collide to create spectacular perspectives, which change with the seasons and within the space of a day.

e beautiful spots and places of historic interest. The Three Gorges on the Yangtze River are a must for visitors both at home and abroad. But so far not very many people know well those gorges and the beautiful scenery there. Travelers and tourists want to know more about them so as to make preparations for their future visit there.

Write an essay of about 400 words introducing the above-mentioned places.

In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Ordinary people’s lives are governed by forms and notice from the moment 【M1】______

heir birth is registered until the day they die. Yet many can make no sense to 【M2】______

the words on the bits of paper.

It is 33 years since Sir Ernest Gowers writes book called Plain Words to 【M3】______

guide civil servants in writing clear English. Sadly, officials who are writing now

do not seem to have read the book.

They excuse the fact that much what they write cannot be understood by 【M4】______

arguing that complicated schemes must have complicated explanations. They

also claim readers would think it insult to their intelligence to be addressed 【M5】______

in simple English.

They think the long words and fine phrases make what they have to say 【M6】______

seemmore important. They do not care very much if customers and clients remain

ignorant. Public ignorance makes their job easier.

As a result we have forms the even people who can read well cannot fill in

them correctly. Important agreements are based on unreadable small print. 【M7】______

Warning notices on dangerous materials is printed so small that few people 【M8】______

would read and understand them before an accident, let alone after it.

The legal pressure to businesses to use simpler language has made a 【M9】______

difference ,even if lawyers and courts themselves still use the language ordinary

people can read. Companies can now make big profits from simplifying the 【M10】______

language of Contracts and complicated documents for fees of up to $ 10,000 for

each job.

【M1】

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

Competition considered as the main thing in life is too grim Ion tenacious too much a matter of taut muscles and intent will to make a possible basis of life for more than one or two generations at most Alter that length of time it must produce nervous fatigue various phenomena of escape a pursuit of pleasure as tense and as difficult as work (since relaxing has become impossible), and in the end a disappearance of the stock through sterility. It is not only work that is poisoned by the philosophy of competition; leisure is poisoned just as much. The kind of leisure which is quiet and restoring to the nerves comes to be felt boring. There is bound to be continual acceleration of which the natural termination would be drugs and collapse. The cure for this lies in admitting the part of sane and quiet enjoyment in a balanced ideal of life.

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

Worries about the future of tribal peoples are in many ways a continuation of what has been going on for a very long time. Individual peoples have always been massacred, enslaved or deprived of their freedom--think of the peoples under the Aztecs, or the tribal peoples of India. Pressures on tribal peoples are not intrinsically related to modernity or capitalism.

Attempts to look after tribal peoples are also relatively old. Groups such as the Aborigines Protection Society or the Anti-Slavery Association date back to the last century. But what is new today is the scale and speed of expansion into areas inhabited by aboriginal peoples, Most tribal peoples survive in areas which traditionally have been marginal to business the Arctic, the desert, tropical forests. It is their bad luck that in many cases these are unexploited mineral-rich regions that are now coming under pressure.

Another development is the move away from paternalistic protection. The 1960s, when the pressures on the tribal peoples of Amazonia first came to public attention, was a period of liberal thinking. People were shocked, groups like Survival International were set up, and there was a feeling that tribal peoples would disappear unless we in the West did something about it we, the very people who were creating the pressures in the first place!

Now the weight has shifted from westerners trying to look after tribal peoples to tribal peoples being given the power to look after themselves.