The Chinese began using commodity currency in the shape of knives or other tools in_______

it is widely used by most people all over the world. Enghsh speakers enjoy creating new words. In fact, a majority of words are traceable and each of them may have an interesting story. However, no one will really care where a word comes from because it makes little difference in using them in our daily life. Did you ever feel confused about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham ？ About a hundred years ago, some men went to American from Europe, coming from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. They didn' t know how to use English properly. Seen them eating round pieces of beef and asked what it was, the Germans didn' t understand the questions exactly, they answered: "we come from Ham- burg. "One of the Americans was an owner of a restaurant and got an idea. He cooked some round pieces of bread with beef and began selling them. Such bread came to be called " hamburgers". Today, hamburgers are welcomed by lots of people coming from different nationalities. According to the text, English is__________.

A. older than Chinese

B. as old as Chinese

C. not so old as Chinese

D. very hard to learn

nority. As their children began moving up through the nation's schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging.Their achievements are reflected in the nation's best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian American students who began their educations abroad arrived in the US with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more immediate in something, like engineering than with an arts degree.

Most Asian American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps.

Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.

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A．Asian American students have a special liking for engineering and arts.

B．Many Asian American students attended the best universities in the US.

C．Asian American students are hard working.

D．Asian American students have a broad knowledge of English.

it is widely used by most people all over the world. Enghsh speakers enjoy creating new words. In fact, a majority of words are traceable and each of them may have an interesting story. However, no one will really care where a word comes from because it makes little difference in using them in our daily life. Did you ever feel confused about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham ？ About a hundred years ago, some men went to American from Europe, coming from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. They didn t know how to use English properly. Seen them eating round pieces of beef and asked what it was, the Germans didn t understand the questions exactly, they answered: "we come from Ham- burg. "One of the Americans was an owner of a restaurant and got an idea. He cooked some round pieces of bread with beef and began selling them. Such bread came to be called " hamburgers". Today, hamburgers are welcomed by lots of people coming from different nationalities. According to the text, English is__________.

A.older than Chinese

B.as old as Chinese

C.not so old as Chinese

D.very hard to learn

o one knows exactly where or how this happened. However, we do know a lot about languages, the languages of today and also the languages of earlier times. There are probably about three thousand languages in the world today. Chinese is the language with the most speakers. English, Russian and Spanish are also spoken by millions of people. On the other hand, some languages in the world have less than one hundred speakers.

There are several important families of languages in the world. For example, most of the languages of Europe are in one large family called Indo-European. The original (最初的) language of this family was spoken about 4,500 years ago. Many of the present languages of Europe and India are modern forms of the language of 4,500 yeas ago.

Languages are always changing. The English of today is very different from the English of 500 years ago. Some even die out completely. About 1, 000 years ago English was a little-known relative of German spoken on one of the borders of Europe.

If a language has a large number of speakers or if it is very old, there may be differences in the way it is spoken in different areas. That is, the language may have several dialects. Chinese is a good example of dialect differences. Chinese has been spoken for thousands of years by millions of speakers. Their differences between the dialects of Chinese are so great that speakers of Chinese from some parts of China cannot understand speakers from other parts.

The first paragraph mainly tells us that ______.

A．most people in the world speak Chinese

B．there are thousands of languages in the world today

C．man has much knowledge about languages

D．some people know several languages

rter for the Washington Post．Our office Wasn’t far from Chinatown，where I found some very good Chinese restaurants． The first time I ever ate Chinese food I loved it．I noticed the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables．When I learned more about the food，I began to understand why it has this special feature． Many years ago，China had an energy crisis(危机)because it lost much of its wood due to over population and poor management of its forests．This loss was very bad for the country，of course，but it turned out to be very good for the food．Wood became very expensive and hard to get，so the Chinese had to either find a substitute(替代物)for their valuable wood，or learn how to use it better．There weren’t any substitutes so people found ways to—economize． In order to economize in cookin9，they had to use very little wood．So they started cutting their meat and vegetables into small pieces before they put them in the hot oil．That way，the food cooked faster and they saved their fuel。The food prepared in this way kept its fresh flavor(味道)一and its this flavor that attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking． This text is mainly about__________． A．what caused Chinese food to taste fresh B．how Chinese food is cooked in the US C．when the author started to make Chinese food D．why most foreigners like cooking Chinese food

A.Fight Against Nature

B.Attractions of the Poles

C.A Survivor’S Story

D.A Brave Woman

听力原文： A fable is a short story which is not true. It is a story that teaches us a lesson. We call the lesson as moral. Fables are often about animals, like the one about the hare and the tortoise. Have you read that fable？ Which one have your read？ They are not always about animals, However. Here is a Chinese fable.

A fisherman called Ah Chong once went fishing, he lowered a line into the water, on which there were hooks. He intended to come back' later to collect the fish but the line began to feel very heavy so he hauled it into the boat. To his astonishment, a gold chain was on the hook. He hauled the chain into the boat but more and more chain appeared. Soon the bottom of the boat was covered by the glittering links of chain. "I shall be wealthy. I shall have jewels, silk clothes and hundrreds of servants," he thought. He went on pulling in the chain and did not notice that the boat was sinking under the weight of the gold chain. Finally, that boat sank to the bottom of the sea.

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A．A fable is a short, true story that teaches us a lesson.

B．A fable is a short, untrue story about animals.

C．A fable is a short, untrue story with a moral.

D．A fable is a short lesson about animals.

ins. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun.

Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B. C..

In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.

During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France, and later on in England.

By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style. during all the time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn't until the twentieth century that women's umbrellas began to be made, in a whole variety of colors.

During the Middle Ages, what happened to the umbrella？

A．It appeared again in Italy.

B．People hardly used it.

C．It became a symbol of honor and authority again.

D．It appeared in France and later on in England.

t a deal to end the government shutdown and【C2】______its debt limit, hoping to avoid a global【C3】______crisis. Meanwhile, some eyed【C4】______to the US dollar to avoid a repeat. Earlier this week, an editorial from Xinhua news agency, called【C5】______a new international reserve currency to【C6】______the dollar. "It is perhaps a good time for the【C7】______world to start considering building a de-Americanized world," it said. An organization like the International Monetary Fund could theoretically【C8】______an entirely new international currency, says Benjamin Cohen of the University of California, but political disagreement would raise its ugly【C9】______again "Think of all the trouble the European Monetary Union has had【C10】______with just 17 countries. Now【C11】______by ten." "I think it much more likely that another【C12】______currency becomes more important in international markets," says Menzie Chinn of the University of Wisconsin. "The Chinese are, with mixed【C13】______, pursuing a path of making their own currency more international." 【C14】______dont expect to be cashing in renminbi any time soon. The last big【C15】______in reserve currency, from British pounds to the US dollar, began in the 1950s and【C16】______two decades. Even if we could just【C17】______the dollar overnight, no other currency, including the renminbi, can currently【C18】______it, says Cohen. "Governments still use the dollar,【C19】______the current political difficulty in Washington, because of its【C20】______availability, deep liquidity and wide acceptability."

【C1】

A．staggering

B．struggling

C．hammering

D．screwing

ctually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. It was first used as a shade against the sun.

Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C..

We know that the umbrella was also used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use; it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office.

In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Eu- rope to use the umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.

During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the 16th century. And again it became a symbol of power and author-ity.

Umbrellas have not changed much in style. during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn't until the twentieth century that women's um-brellas began to be made in a variety of colors.

The first use of umbrella was as______.

A．protection against rain

B．a shade against the sun

C．a symbol of power

D．a symbol of honor

ctually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun.

Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C.

We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high office.

In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.

During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, The umbrella appeared in France, and later on in England.

By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style. during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn't until the twentieth century that women's umbrellas began to be made, in a whole variety of colors.

The first use of umbrella was as ______.

A．protection against rain

B．a shade against the sun

C．a symbol of power

D．a symbol of honor