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The Role of Pressure Groups in Britain
General Elections in Britain are usually held only once every five years. Governments can seem to be remote from the people they represent. The process of protesting about government actions is very slow, even though everyone is permitted direct contact to their member of Parliament.(46)
Pressure groups will seek to influence those who have political power, such as members of Parliament.(47)If members of a pressure group feel that there is public support from outside their group for their demands, they will tell members of Parliament about this.
Pressure groups will thus seek to get support from the public. A powerful way of doing this is by making use of the mass media.(48)Meanwhile, the group will have to be sure of its facts, and fact-finding is thus an important part of its work. Up-to-date information can be made known to members of Parliament and to the general public.
Pressure groups will not only seek to make their causes known to government but also try to inform. and influence the public.(49)
Pressure groups may support political parties, but will lay stress only on some of their policies. For instance, the Monday Club will support the more right-wing policies of the Conservative Party.(50)
(46)
A A good example of this sort of activity is provided by the educational work of "Shelter", which fights for better housing for poor people.
B They will want to tell them what policy their interest demands.
C For all these reasons there is something of a vacuum between government and the governed, which pressure groups help to fill.
D There can also be public meetings, demonstrations, etc.
E Governments always stay close to the people.
F However, a pressure group is not a political party, because it does not seek complete or continuous political power.
(47)
A A good example of this sort of activity is provided by the educational work of "Shelter", which fights for better housing for poor people.B They will want to tell them what policy their interest demands.C For all these reasons there is something of a vacuum between government and the governed, which pressure groups help to fill.D There can also be public meetings, demonstrations, etc.E Governments always stay close to the people.F However, a pressure group is not a political party, because it does not seek complete or continuous political power.
(48)
A A good example of this sort of activity is provided by the educational work of "Shelter", which fights for better housing for poor people.B They will want to tell them what policy their interest demands.C For all these reasons there is something of a vacuum between government and the governed, which pressure groups help to fill.D There can also be public meetings, demonstrations, etc.E Governments always stay close to the people.F However, a pressure group is not a political party, because it does not seek complete or continuous political power.
(49)
A A good example of this sort of activity is provided by the educational work of "Shelter", which fights for better housing for poor people.B They will want to tell them what policy their interest demands.C For all these reasons there is something of a vacuum between government and the governed, which pressure groups help to fill.D There can also be public meetings, demonstrations, etc.E Governments always stay close to the people.F However, a pressure group is not a political party, because it does not seek complete or continuous political power.
(50)
A A good example of this sort of activity is provided by the educational work of "Shelter", which fights for better housing for poor people.B They will want to tell them what policy their interest demands.C For all these reasons there is something of a vacuum between government and the governed, which pressure groups help to fill.D There can also be public meetings, demonstrations, etc.E Governments always stay close to the people.F However, a pressure group is not a political party, because it does not seek complete or continuous political power.
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更多“The Role of Pressure Groups in Britain General Elections in Britain are usually held only”相关的问题
第1题
__________ 查看材料
A.to play an important role in newspaper operations
B.was the growth of telegraph services
C.and they usually enjoy great prestige
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E.in order to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F.owned by a single person or organization
第2题
The role of the "flow restriction"(Line 6, Para. 2) in a heat pump is to____
A．measure accurately the flow rate of the refrigerant mass at that point
B．reduce the pressure to bring about the evaporation and cooling of refrigerant
C．stop the refrigerant from further moving
D．reverse the direction of refrigerant flow when needed
第3题
Development in Newspaper Organization
？？ One ofthe most important developments in newspaper organization during the first partof the twentieth century ________________ (46) ,which are known as wire services. Wire-servicecompanies employed reporters, whocovered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papersthroughout the country by telegraph. The papers paid an annual fee for thisservice. Wire services continue (47). Today the major wire services are theAssociated Press (AP) and United Press Interna-tional (PUI). You willfrequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story.？？
？？ Newspaperchains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. A chain consists of twoor more newspapers___________ (48). A merger involves combining two or morepapers into one. During the nine- teenth century many cities had more than onecompetitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or twonewspapers, and __________________(49). Often newspapers in several citiesbelong to one chain. Papers have combined _____________ (50). Chains and mergers have cut down production costs and brought the advantagesof big-business methods to the newspaper industry.？？
46
？？A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
？？B. wasthe growth of telegraph services？？
？？？？C. and they usually enjoy great prestige？？
？？D. theyare usually operated by a single owner？？
？？E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
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47
A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
B. wasthe growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. theyare usually operated by a single owner
E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. ownedby a single person or organization
48
A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
B. wasthe growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. theyare usually operated by a single owner
E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. ownedby a single person or organization
49
A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
B. wasthe growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. theyare usually operated by a single owner
E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. ownedby a single person or organization
50
A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
B. wasthe growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. theyare usually operated by a single owner
E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. ownedby a single person or organization
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
第4题
The argument in the passage leads most naturally to which of the following conclusions？
A．A low output of urinary kallikrein is a likely cause of high blood pressure in children.
B．The kallikrein-kinin system plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure.
C．Essential hypertension may have biochemical precursors which may be useful predictors in children.
D．The failure of the body to produce sufficient amounts of kinins is the cause of essential hypertension.
第5题
Development in Newspaper Organization
？？ One ofthe most important developments in newspaper organization during the first partof the twentieth century ________________ (46) ,which are known as wire services. Wire-servicecompanies employed reporters, whocovered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papersthroughout the country by telegraph. The papers paid an annual fee for thisservice. Wire services continue (47). Today the major wire services are theAssociated Press (AP) and United Press Interna-tional (PUI). You willfrequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story.？？
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46
？？A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
？？B. wasthe growth of telegraph services？？
？？？？C. and they usually enjoy great prestige？？
？？D. theyare usually operated by a single owner？？
？？E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
？？F. ownedby a single person or organization？？？？？？？？
47
A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
B. wasthe growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. theyare usually operated by a single owner
E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. ownedby a single person or organization
48
A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
B. wasthe growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. theyare usually operated by a single owner
E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. ownedby a single person or organization
49
A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
B. wasthe growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. theyare usually operated by a single owner
E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. ownedby a single person or organization
50
A. toplay an important role in newspaper operations
B. wasthe growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. theyare usually operated by a single owner
E. inorder to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. ownedby a single person or organization
第6题
The passage aims to tell us that______.
A．men and women should play different roles in society
B．cocksure women play an important role in society
C．hensure men are under great pressure
D．there should be no clear-cut distinction between men and women
第7题
What is the main idea of the news item？
A．The new broadened mediation effort is favored by Robert Mugabe.
B．The mediations will be continued by Thabo Mbeki under supervision.
C．Mr. Mbeki is faced with a lot of international pressure for being biased.
D．Mr. Mbeki"s role as a mediator is replaced by the United Nations.
第8题
By acting as a reservoir for species, zoos can act as a safety device in case the species become extinct in nature. Zoos can also provide the animals necessary to reintroduce species extinct in the wild once the threats to their survival have been controlled. A second important function of any good zoo must be the education of the visitor. Regardless of the scientific expertise (专长) of the individual, he or she can expect to learn something every time he walks through the zoo gate.
For many people, especially those living in towns, this is the closest they will come to see wild animals. Even with the high quality of the current wildlife films, there is no replacement for seeing the real thing. One must appreciate that for many people an animal simply isn't real if they only see it on a television screen. Zoos provide an opportunity to make the emotional and rational commitment essential to the future of conservation.
Finally, it should be appreciated that zoos provide a unique opportunity for research, the results of which may be crucial to the survival of species.
Apart from the debate over whether zoos perform. a valuable role in society, they are often attacked on animal welfare grounds -- that they are little more than prisons, exploiting their inhabitants for commercial purposes. Unfortunately there is a tendency to tar (玷污) all zoos with the same brush, regardless of fundamental differences in their philosophy, the quality of care given to their animals, and their contribution to science and conservation.
Nobody is arguing that zoos are perfect or that they are a substitute for the wild. But it is important to place them -- the responsible, good zoos -- in the overall context of conservation, and to recognize that they and the staff they support have a valuable role to play in the future.
What is the author's argument in the passage？
A．An important new role has evolved for good zoos: they are not prisons for animals but reservoirs of species.
B．Zoos should learn to justify their existence no matter how great the pressure is.
C．Criticism on zoos ought to be more specific because zoos are not graded on the same level.
D．The function of education of zoos becomes more important and practical.
第9题
High Blood Pressure
There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is，in part，a familial disease．Since families have similar genes as well as similar environment，familial diseases could be due to shared genetic influences，to shared environmental factors，or to both．For some years，the role of one environmental factor commonly shared by families，namely dietary salt，has been studied at Brook—haven National Laboratory．These studies suggest that chronic excess salt ingestion(摄取)can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals．Some individuals，however，and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure．No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments，some salt-fed animals never develop hypertension(高血压)whereas a few rapidly developed very severe hypertensions followed by early death．These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution．
By mating in successive generations only those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt ingestion，a resistant strain(the R strain)has been evolved in which consumPtion of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly．In contrast，by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt，a sensitive strain(the S strain)has also been developed．
The availability of these two strains permits investigations not therefore possible．They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human developing methods by which genetic susceptibility(敏感性)of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance．
The main idea of this passage is__________． 查看材料
A.Genetic constitution，or hereditary factor is all important factor that may underlie hypertension
B.Excessive use of salt may cause high blood pressure
C.Shared environmental factors may lead to familial disease
D.There are two different kinds of strains in animals which cause their different reactions to excess salt ingestion
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