Only when you have followers can you be a leader.

were talking about holiday allowance and flexible working, and I couldn't believe how different their allocations were. For the last five years, management have been saying how they were working for equality between departments, but I think a great deal more needs to be done. I think it's really bad for inter-departmental relations.

(17)

r this year isn't included. Management made a big fuss about the launch - a big party, with a lot of press interest - and then it turns out the designer didn't think our photographs were good enough to include, so the whole section stayed exactly the same as it has done for years. It's not going to create the impression we want, frankly.

(15)

&8226;Look at the statements below and the following Computer Types.

&8226;Which type of computer (A, B, C or D) does each statement (1-7) refer to?

&8226;For each statement (1-7), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.

&8226;You will need to use some of these letters more than once.

A Microcomputer

A microcomputer is a desktop or notebook size computing device that uses a microprocessor as its Central Processing Unit, or CPU. Microcomputers are also called Personal Computers (PCs), home computers, small business computers, and micros. The smallest, most compact are called laptops. When they first appeared, they were considered single user devices, and they were capable of handling only four, eight, or 16 bits of information at one time. More recently the distinction between microcomputers and large, mainframe. computers (as well as the smaller mainframe. type systems called minicomputers) has become blurred, as newer microcomputer models have increased the speed and data handling capabilities of their CPUs into the 256 bit. or even much more bit multi-user range.

B Minicomputer

A minicomputer is a mid-level computer built to perform. complex computations while dealing efficiently with a high level of input and output from users connected via terminals Minicomputers also frequently connect to other minicomputers on a network and distribute processing among all the attached machines. Minicomputers are used heavily in transaction processing applications and as interfaces between mainframe. computer systems and wide area networks.

C Mainframe. Computer

A mainframe. computer is a high level computer designed for the most intensive computational tasks. Mainframe. computers are often shared by multiple users connected to the computer via terminals. The most powerful mainframes, called supercomputers, perform. highly complex and time consuming computations and are used heavily in both pure and applied research by scientists, large businesses, and the military.

D Supercomputer

In computer science, supercomputers are large, extremely fast, and expensive computers used for complex or sophisticated calculations. Typically they are machines capable of pipelining instruction execution and providing vector instructions. A supercomputer can, for example, perform. an enormous number of calculations required to draw and animate a moving spaceship in a motion picture. Supercomputers are also used for weather forecasting, large scale scientific modeling and oil exploration and so on and so like.

They are often used for jobs like engineering design and testing, serious decryption, economic forecasting, etc.

rative support for three editors. Soon after I arrived, they brought in a new computer system, and just as I started to master it, two of the editors left. Then they restructured the team and moved me into the central office, where they have a different system! I wonder what's going to happed next!

(20)

falls below four hundred pounds at any time during the stated period. You may keep three pounds in your account, but we charge you five pounds a month.

&8226;You will hear another five short recordings.

&8226;For each recording decide what the speaker is doing.

&8226;Write one letter (A—H) next to the number of the recording.

&8226;Do net use any letter more than once.

&8226;After you have listened once, replay each recording.

Actions

A playing

B drinking

C claiming

D washing

E regretting

F toasting

G depositing

H watching

ket dictionary is priced at fourteen twenty-four. You gave me two ten pounds. Let's look at the calculator and find out how much change I'll give you.

(16)

听力原文：A: Could I first ask you a few questions about your background?

B: Yes, of course.

A: Well, it's been said that you were born in Bombay, India. Is that correct?

B: Yes, that's right. You see my father was an army officer at the time and he was stationed in Bombay.

A: I see. And your mother, was she British too?

B: No, she was Indian as a matter of fact.

A: Did you go to school in India?

B: Well, no. My parents returned to England when I was only five, so I started school in England, in London actually. And later, after elementary school, I was sent off to Exeter, one of those typical boys' schools—you know the type.

A: Ah, yes. And how did you like it? Your education, I mean.

B: Well, it was all right. Yes, looking back, I rather liked it. I didn't care much for the uniforms, mind you. And I absolutely hated my Latin class loathed it with a passion.

A: You had to study Latin?

B: Oh, yes indeed. We all did back then, you know—both Latin and Greek.

A: Just how many languages do you know?

B: About six. I suppose. Let's see now. When I was a child, I learned English and also Hindi—that was my mother's language. At school in England, I studied French (in addition to Latin and Greek) And then I also learned Arabic, Malay, and Indonesian.

A: And when did you learn those languages?

B: Well, that's a long story. In 1945, when I was 18, I joined the army and in 1946 I was shipped off to Egypt. When I was discharged from the army four years later, I decided to stay on. I lived there for another three years as it turned out—mostly in Cairo and Alexandria. And during that time I learned Arabic.

A: And Malay!? Indonesian?

B: Well, after seven years in Europe, I decided to do some traveling. So I toured around the Middle East—Lebanon, Turkey, Iraq, Iran and then I just kept going east—to Pakistan. India, Afghanistan, Burma, Thailand, and finally Malaysia. And then moved to Indonesia, which I tell in love with, and that's my home to this day.

A: And when was that exactly—your move to Indonesia?

B: That was in the year 1956, oh, no—55.

A: What did you do all the time you were traveling? I mean how did you support yourself?

B: Well, while I was in Egypt (after the army) I got a job with an English newspaper, so I had some experience writing and when I started traveling, I just continued to write—you Know, travel articles and that sort of thing. And that was the beginning of it all. I've been writing travel pieces for magazines and, of course, my guide books ever since.

A: How many books have you, in fact, written?

B: Oh, about fourteen all together.

A: And you have a new book out now called The Asian Express. Could you tell us a bit about that?

B: Yes, of course, I'd be happy to. It's all about traveling through Asia by train. You see, two years ago, I began this absolutely wonderful trip from Istanbul to Tokyo—and all by train.

A: That sounds a little uncomfortable.

B: Well, sometimes it was. But, in general, I loved it. It's truly a marvelous way to see the various countries and to get to know the people—much better than the airplanes, you know. You never really see any thing that way. So I recommend it highly.

A: I see. Well, thank you ever so much, Mr Thorndike Lodge. It's been very interesting. And good luck on your future travels.

B: The pleasure was all mine.

?You will hear three conversations.

?Write down one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the forms below.

?After you have listened once, replay each recording.

Conversation One

?Look at the note below.

?You will hear some information about a man.

From the conversation, we know that he was born in (1) , India.

2. He started school in England when he is (2) years old.

3. He studied (3) languages.

4. He have written (4) books all together.

&8226;Read the text below about how consumers decide what to buy.

&8226;In most of the lines (34-45) there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.

&8226;If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.

&8226;If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.

Consumer Behaviour

The consumer is the focus of all retail business and it is important to appreciate how Consumers are influenced in their buying decisions. Most of consumers, before making a

34. purchase, gather information and evaluate with the alternatives, but the extent to which

35. they look for information depends on the type of purchase. For example, in the case of

36. routine grocery purchases most consumers respond to automatically. However, for

37. purchases where the risk of making the wrong decision is greater, like buying a new

38. car, so the search for information is more important. The decision to purchase is never a

39. single decision but a number of these separate decisions, and at any time during this

40. process, consumers can change their minds about and choose an alternative route. For

41. exam pie, although a consumer may have decided where to buy a product only to realise

42. at the last moment that this is, in fact, having the wrong choice. The price in the store may

43. be too high or the staff unhelpful. On the other hand, a lack of queues, favourable credit

44. facilities and efficient staff all lead to a too positive impression, so retailers should

45. remember how difficulties in these areas that can affect a sale or even lose a customer permanently.

(34)