What lies behind the intrigue of the "Mona Lisa"? The principal explanation for its particular appeal must lie in the mystery conveyed by the ambiguous smile which allows everyone to find something special for themselves in the obscure, smoky image.
Let's look at the painting itself. The figure is simple. Mona Lisa turns to her left in her chair to look at the viewer with that smile, a smile that 16th-century art historian and biographer Giorgio Vasari said "... was so pleasing it seems divine rather than real." Her pose is compact yet dynamic. Her hair is partly undone and falls in little curls.【73】A veil is caught up in her right arm and draped over her head and left shoulder.
Two features are special to this extraordinary portrait: the "sfumato" technique and the remarkable landscape. Leonardo worked the transitions of light and shade so subtly that everything blends without any hint of lines or borders. In the depiction of Mona Lisa's head, this skill in surface painting is supported by his knowledge of the skull beneath the skin—derived from his studies in anatomy. But it is her position on a balcony that gives this picture of a superbly mature woman a sense of cosmic drama. Beyond her and far below is an immense rocky landscape.【74】It is a landscape of the imagination but imagination based on years of study of rock formations.
【75】Leonardo has become the product of the collective imagination. His legend has been fuelled by the image of the bearded sage, inspired by his self-portrait drawing, now in Turin, and by the work "Lives of the Famous Painters and Sculptors" by Giorgio Vasari.
A. The legend of the "Mona Lisa" is closely tied to the legend of her creator, Leonardo da Vinci.
B. Her dress is very simple and she wears no jewelry.
C. Over the next 16 years, Leonardo worked and traveled throughout Italy for a number of employers.
D. An example is The "Virgin of the Rocks" which is the summation of Leonardo's studies in anatomy, botany, geology as well as being superbly painted.
E. No other painting in the immense galleries of the Louvre gets this treatment.
F. The landscape is divided and unsteady which makes it like a dream.
(71)
第1题
Some people fear that changes in the citizenship test will do little
A.to know a lot more about the country
B.to watch a video
C.to help immigrants accept the new culture
D.to marry American citizens
E.to do low-skill jobs
F.to answer
第2题
Often dating is followed by a stage of "steady dating" in which a couple agree to date only each other, and their exclusive dating relationship may become recognized by their peer group and others, including their respective parents. If the couple gets along well together, the phase sometimes defined as courtship may begin.
In its strictest sense courtship usually refers to art activity, such ms dating, with intent to marry. Prior to the 20th century, and still today in some societies, courtship was practiced without dating in the modern sense. A young man might visit his intended bride in her parental home and bring gifts, discuss common interests, and perhaps go for walks. To nontraditional people these customs, if continued to courtship, may seem ridiculously old-fashioned, and it is frequently difficult in the modern era to make meaningful distinctions between "going out" dating, and courting. The distinctions are further blurred by modern couples' living together, either before marriage or with no intention of ever marrying.
More typically, though, the family begins with marriage, which grows out of courtship and is preceded by what sociologists call mate selection. Mate selection may be defined simply as the process, often unconscious, of choosing a mate. Usually the mate is the person’s intended spouse, and the traditional definition of the term has this implication. Individuals often claim that their match is made on the basis of love, but statistical studies show that other factors are involved. For ex ample, people usually marry within their social class and often to those of the same ethnic group or religion. This practice of like marrying like is known as homogamy. Mate selection is also frequently related to economic factors. For instance, be fore she will consent to marry him, a woman may want her intended husband to show that he is capable of supporting her.
According to this passage, ______.
A.dating is the common practice for young people who intend to marry
B.dating generally follows a stage of "steady dating"
C.steady dating is sometimes followed by courtship
D.marriage is the inevitable outcome of courtship
第3题
听力原文: In recent years, there have been an unusually large number of divorces in the United States. In the past, when two people manned each other, they intended to stay together for life, while today many people marry believing that they can always get a divorce if the marriage does not work out.
In the past, the large majority of Americans frowned at the idea of divorce. Furthermore, many people believed that getting a divorce was a luxury that only the rich could afford. Indeed, getting a divorce was very expensive. However, since so many people have begun to take a more casual view of marriage, it is interesting to note that the costs of getting a divorce are lower. In fact, wherever you go in the United States today, it is no unusual to see newspaper ads that pro vide information on how and where to get a cheap divorce.
Hollywood has always been known as the divorce capital of the world. The divorce rate among the movie stars is so high that it is difficult to know who is married to whom. Today, many movie stars change husbands and wives as though they were changing clothes. Until marriage again becomes a serious and important part of people's lives, we will probably continue to see a high rate of divorce.
(23)
A.They thought it quite acceptable.
B.They believed it to be a luxury.
C.They took it to be a trend.
D.They considered it avoidable.
第4题
A.either
B.not
C.neither
D.nor
第5题
A.People marry at a much later time.
B.More birth control devices and methods have been used.
C.Women would rather go to study or work than have children.
D.All of the above.
第6题
A.either
B.not
C.neither
D.or
第7题
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文: In recent years, there has been an unusually large number of divorces in the United States. In the past, when two people married each other, they intended to stay together for life. While today many people marry, believing they can always get divorced if their marriage does not work out.
In the past, a large majority of Americans frowned on the idea of divorce. Furthermore, many people believed that getting a divorce was a luxury that only the rich could afford. Indeed, getting a divorce is very expensive. However, since so many people have begun to take a more casual view of marriage, it is interesting to know that the costs of getting a divorce are lower. In fact, wherever you go in the United States today, it is not unusual to see newspaper ads that provide information on how and where to get a cheap divorce.
Hollywood has always been known as the divorce capital of the world. The divorce rate among the movie stars is so high that it is difficult to know who is married to whom. Today, many movie stars change husbands and wives as though
(28)
A.They thought it was quite acceptable.
B.They believe it to be a luxury.
C.They took it to be a trend.
D.They considered it avoidable.
第8题
Most people who marry young start out living hand to mouth. The underlined part means
A.happily
B.poorly
C.intimately
D.carefully
第10题
In many modern countries, children go to school______.
A. by free education
B. to be able to marry
C. to work for society
D. to rid themselves of "low" work
为了保护您的账号安全,请在“上学吧”公众号进行验证,点击“官网服务”-“账号验证”后输入验证码“”完成验证,验证成功后方可继续查看答案!