听力原文： Even the Senators who had opposed our normalization with China admitted their de

al context and young people, like myself, are given lots of responsibility early in their careers," says Caroline Mort, currently in the marketing department of Hyatt's Africa, Middle East and European division in Lausanne. Mort, also a graduate from Center International de Glion, Switzerland continues, "Every day there is something new. Well trained individuals in the hospitality trade have many career opportunities. "

Mott's thoughts are echoed in the brochures of universities and colleges around the world which offer programs in hotel management. IMHI: Institute de Management hotelier International in France, whose graduate programs are administered by two prestigious institutions—Cornell University and Group ESSEC—concurs, "The hospitality industry continues to internationalize its market and its development. "

"By the year 2000, business forecasts predict that the hospitality industry will be the largest business in the world. This tremendous growth will offer the properly trained management candidate an unlimited opportunity for success," writes the Hotel Consult SHCC Colleges, which has schools in Switzerland, the United States and Australia.

Hotel management provides a practical, interdisciplinary education. Students who have been well educated in hotel management, whatever the area of concentration, can market their skills universally. Dr. Roy Wood, department head of the Scottish Hotel School at the University of Strathclyde in Scotland—one of the United Kingdom's premier hotel management programs—emphasizes that, "graduates from hospitality programs are very attractive to other industries. "

Most hotel management curriculums offer a range of major area courses, including food and beverage management, culinary theory and practice, hotel development and planning, restaurant management and hotel operations. As with most business schools, the majority of the course-work will be fulfilled in required courses for management, accounting, marketing and economics. Additionally, students may take elective courses in chemistry, environmental science, information technology, psychology, sociology, writing and languages.

Courses vary by length, credentials earned, focus and language of instruction. Many European undergraduate programs last from 24 to 30 months and award a diploma upon graduation. IHTTI in Neuchatel, Switzerland offers a three-year degree program in conjunction with the University of Bournemouth. University courses take three or four years to complete, usually earning the student a Bsc. Graduate schools require a one-to-two-year commitment.

Hotel management programs are widely available in Europe and North America, yet virtually non-existent elsewhere. For this reason, these programs attract a culturally diverse student body. In some cases, 95% of the students are foreign born. At HOSTA, in Switzerland, the students are expatriates from 40 nations.

While English and French are the most common languages on campus, as well as within the hospitality industry, students are encouraged to learn several languages to enhance their careers.

"Each (educational host) country has its strengths," explains Roy Wood, "For example, Switzerland is recognized for producing graduates who are strong in food, beverage and accommodation management and the United States is known for its expertise in operations. "

Switzerland has long been regarded as the traditional seat of the hospitality industry. No list of preeminent hotel schools would omit the Ecole Hoteliere de Lausanne which began as a school for children whose families were in the hotel business. It would also include: Center International; the Swiss Hotel Association Hotel Management School, " Les Roches "; the SCHHs Institute Hotelier "Cesar" Ri

prices"? (Para. 4)

erial world. We should spend much more time looking inwards to see whether there's any element which no technological revolution can manipulate.

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: 2 hours versus 1.5 hours per day. Women, regardless of marital status, spend more time doing these activities than men.

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sian czar.

The bones unearthed in a shallow grave definitely are those of Czar Nicholas II, said Lt. Col (Dr.) Victor Weedn at an Aug. 31 news conference. Weedn heads the Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory in Rockville, Md., which is involved in identifying skeletal remains of U. S. service members who served in Vietnam, Korea and World War II.

The attempt to identify the czar presented a special challenge. The armed forces lab was the perfect place to perform. the type of genetic testing on old, deteriorating bones that was needed in this case, he said.

Until the announcement, scientists had not been able to say for sure whether the bones were those of the czar.

Russian DNA expert Pavel Ivanov, who with Weedn oversaw a team of U. S. military civilians tasked to identify the remains, reached the same conclusion.

Nicholas and his family were rounded up by the Bolsheviks and executed by firing squad in 1918. Their bodies were dumped into a pool of sulfuric acid 20 miles outside the Ural Mountain city of Yekaterinburg.

The shallow grave was uncovered in 1979. Bone fragments believed to be those of the czar, the Czarina Alexandra and three of their five children were unearthed in 1991.

While investigators were able to positively identify the czarina and the daughters early on, a rare, benign genetic condition that first showed up in his generation did not allow them to make a positive identification of Nicholas II.

Rare mutation the key

In the end, it was that genetic mutation which provided the key to solving the mystery, Weedn said. Nicholas' brother, whose remains were exhumed in July 1994, turned out to have the same mutation in his genetic makeup. It is so rare that it makes the identification absolute, he said.

If Russian authorities accept that finding, it will clear the way for the ceremonial burial of the last emperor of Russia.

But the new evidence did not satisfy all skeptics. Emigre Eugene Magerovsky, a retired Russian military intelligence officer, interrupted the news conference to say he was suspicious of how the bones "suddenly" came to light during the Soviet era.

"The Soviets have always been masters of all kinds of shenanigans," he said. He suggested the investigators may have been given two bones from the same corpse, in which case the DNA would have had to match.

Weedn ruled that out, as the tibia and femur from the same side of each body were used in the testing.

Ivanov, a forensic science professor in charge of identifying the remains of the last czar and his family, brought the femur bones—as well as a blood sample from a living relative— to the Rockville laboratory in June.

Much evidence lost

Years of exposure to minerals in the soil destroyed much of the genetic evidence in the bone, Weedn said. Still, through a painstaking process of grinding up bone, reproducing the genetic material from the dust and comparing the results over and over again, the team was able to reach its conclusion.

One mystery Weedn and Ivanov did not address was that of the czar's daughter, Anastasia. Whether she somehow escaped the Bolsheviks' bullets has been the topic of intense debate for more than half a century. The grave yielded bones from only three of the five daughters. Still unresolved is whether Anastasia or Marie might have survived, along with the sickly heir, Alexis.

Weedn, whose laboratory has tested two women who claimed to be Anastasia, found they were not. A third who sought testing has not sent in blood samples for testing, he added. On-again, off-again pairing

Weedn was approached by Ivanov four years ago about becomi

he massive decline in smoking rates, which are now translating into reduced deaths from cancer and heart disease.

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水横断的巫山山脉，呈东北——西南走向，耸峙于川鄂边境，恰与长江垂直。沿江层峦叠峰，悬岩绝壁，十分雄伟险峻。江水在崇山峻岭中穿过，咆哮翻腾，声如雷鸣。这一段就是举世闻名的“长江三峡”。

现在，中国人民开发长江水利的宏图，正在逐步变成现实。在长江三峡下游宜昌以西，建成目前国内最大的水利工程——葛洲坝水利枢纽。水电站的电流，源源不断地流向长江两岸的城市和农村。三峡两岸，果树成林，工厂连成一片。1994年12月14日，当今世界上最大的水利枢纽工程——长江三峡工程正式开工兴建，2009年将全部竣工。这里不仅是我国重要的工农业生产基地，而且是游览的胜地。

以从某种程度上讲，上海男人是社会安定和谐的象征。当妻子快乐时，他也快乐，因而整个城市也充满了快乐气氛。

虽然上海男人被戏谑为“妻管严”，但他并不屈从于妻子。在与妻子有争议时，他要么保持沉默，要么一笑置之。有时候他会发火，但事后不久，他也会毫不迟疑地道歉。最终他妻子发现，她还是按照他的想法行事。

上海男人聪明、务实，有时也相当圆滑。最令人印象深刻的是，上海男人在事业上有进取心，对家庭有很强的责任感，而且尊重女性。

ise to 400 million within 8 years. In China, the projection is that the present number of 13.5 million Internet users will rise to around 50 million by the end of 2006. Because of this rise in Internet usage, retail executives in Europe and America estimate that within the next three years 15% of all retail dollars will be spent on Internet shopping. Retail centers are becoming entertainment centers. They are no longer just rows of shops, but have themes, shows and excitement on every corner.

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