In the early 1450s cultural change in Europe fueled a growing
need for the rapid and cheap production of written documents.
Before this time, scribal monks hand-copied sacred texts for
centuries. But for the secular world began to develop and 【M1】______
distribute new forms of sacred texts, the scribes could not keep up
the demand. Johannes Gutenberg, a goldsmith and businessman 【M2】______
from southern Germany, foresees the profit-making potential for a 【M3】______
printing press that used movable metal type, and borrowed money
to develop that we know now as the modern printing press. He 【M4】______
developed his press by combing features of existed technologies: 【M5】______
textile, papermaking and wine presses.
Perhaps his most significant innovation, therefore, was the 【M6】______
efficient molding and casting of movable metal type. Gutenberg
designed a Latin print Bible which became his most famous
work. Despite of the dramatic success of his printing press, 【M7】______
Gutenberg managed to default on a loan and lost his whole printing
establishment. His techniques were made publicly and his creditor 【M8】______
won the rights to the proceeds from the Gutenberg Bibles.
In 1476, William Caxton set up England's first printing
press. Caxton had been a prolific translator and found the printing
press to be a marvelousway to expand his mission of promoting
unpopular literature, the innovation of the printing press ultimately 【M9】______
influenced art, literature, philosophy and politics. Today,
print is thought of as one of the markers of key historical shifts in 【M10】______
communication, creating a social and intellectual transform.
【M1】
第1题
A.1500s
B.1600s
C.1450s
D.1570s
第2题
A、early sometime next month
B、sometime early next month
C、early next month sometime
第4题
A.administration cost
B.production
C.distribution cost
D.selling cost
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