党的十一届三中全会以来，随着党和国家工作重点转移到以经济建设为中心，教育在社会主义现代化建设

SECTION 2 Optional Translation (20 points)

近年来，中国经济保持快速发展，为世界经济发展注入了活力。实践证明了中国在加入世贸组织之前的预言：中国的发展离不开世界，世界的发展需要中国。未来20年，在全面建设小康社会的进程中，中国一定会对世界经济的发展和实现全人类的共同进步做出历史性的贡献。为此，中国将继续扩大外贸，大力实施西部大开发战略，进一步改善投资环境，为外商提供更大的商机。同时，中国将引导和支持更多有比较优势的企业对外投资，开展平等互利、形式多样的经济技术合作。中国将进一步加强双边、多边和区域经济合作，实现世界各国各地区的共同发展.

loved her, I still believed I was the best daughter. Didn't I run all the way up to the terrace to check on the drying mango pickles whenever she asked?

As I entered my teens, it seemed that I was becoming an even better, more loving daughter. Didn't I drop whatever I was doing each afternoon to go to the corner grocery to pick up any spices my mother had run out of?

My mother, on the other hand, seemed more and more unloving to me. Some days she positively resembled a witch as she threatened to pack me off to my second uncle's home in provincial Barddhaman—a fate worse than death to a cool Calcutta girl like me—if my grades didn't improve. Other days she would sit me down and tell me about "Girls Who Brought Shame to Their Families". There were, apparently, a million ways in which one could do this, and my mother was determined that I should be cautioned against every one of them. On principle, she disapproved of everything I wanted to do, from going to study in America to perming my hair, and her favorite phrase was "over my dead body". It was clear that I loved her far more than she loved me—that is, if she loved me at all.

After I finished graduate school in America and got married, my relationship with my mother improved a great deal. Though occasionally dubious about my choice of a writing career, overall she thought I'd shaped up nicely. I thought the same about her. We established a rhythm: She'd write from India and give me all the gossip and send care packages with my favorite kind of mango pickle; I'd call her from the United States and tell her all the things I'd been up to and send care packages with instant vanilla pudding, for which she'd developed a great fondness. We loved each other equally—or so I believed until my first son, Anand, was born.

My son's birth shook up my neat, organized, in-control adult existence in ways I hadn't imagined. I went through six weeks of being shrouded in an exhausted fog of postpartum depression. As my husband and I walked our wailing baby up and down through the night, and I seriously contemplated going AWOL, I wondered if I was cut out to be a mother at all. And mother love—what was that all about?

Then one morning, as I was changing yet another diaper, Anand grinned up at me with his toothless gums. Hmm, I thought. This little brown scrawny thing is kind of cute after all. Things progressed rapidly from there. Before I knew it, I'd moved the extra bed into the baby's room and was spending many nights on it, bonding with my son.

Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,

First of all, I wish to congratulate the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) and the Interpol on the success of this conference, a conference which has attracted over 500 delegates including anti-corruption experts, law enforcers, representatives from world organizations, and financial institutions and academia from around the world. It is indeed a great honour for Hong Kong to co-host this global conference with the world's preeminent organisation.

I would also like to extend my warmest welcome to all our participants, who come from all over the world and yet share a commitment to the same cause. The participation of 65 law enforcement agencies from more than 59 jurisdictions and eight international organisations in this conference reflects a truly global partnership in fighting corruption.

Corruption is a social crime. Its adverse effects on a society can be very significant if left unchecked. It can erode the rule of law, undermine the efficiency of governments, stifle economic development, and in some cases may trigger social and political unrest.

With accelerated economic globalization and rapid advances in technology, corruption today transcends national boundaries, and has taken on a new dimension. It has become a means to facilitate and perpetuate syndicated crimes, including international money laundering schemes, massive commercial fraud scams, cross-border drug trafficking, smuggling of human beings and many other serious crimes.

To tackle corruption as a global issue and a cross-border crime, we need a global approach and a border-less alliance. Hong Kong's ICAC and Interpol have built up a very solid relationship over the years to combat corruption through the promotion of international co-operation and strategic alliance.

Hong Kong is a premier international financial center and is widely recognised as one of the most competitive and freest economies in the world. Among the many fundamental strengths that Hong Kong possesses, I am particularly proud that we are rated as one of the least corrupt places in the world.

Despite these achievements, there is no room for complacency. At the moment, we are facing tremendous challenges as our economy grapples with restructuring.

This conference provides a valuable forum for all participants to share experiences and to exchange ideas and initiatives for tackling corruption. I am sure everyone here will benefit in one way or another.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

I now declare the Conference open, and wish you a fruitful and very memorable stay in Hong Kong.

Thank you.

感觉良好。他认为，亚洲克服了前所未有的经济困难，虽然经济转型估计还会持续一段时间，但亚洲已经打下了良好的基础，足以建立起长期的繁荣稳定。因此，他对亚洲经济，特别是中国经济的中、长期发展感到乐观。他指出，到2020年，中国的生产总值会再翻两番，达到四万亿美元。他相信，只要亚洲各国努力把握面前的机遇，从长远看，亚洲经济的前景会是光明的。

SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points)

矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。中国是世界上最早开发利用矿产资源的国家之一。过去50年来，中国在矿产资源勘探开发方面取得巨大成就。这为中国经济的持续、快速、健康发展提供了重要保障。

中国政府高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，把可持续发展确定为国家战略，把保护资源作为可持续发展战略的重要内容。

中国是一个人口众多、资源相对不足的发展中国家。中国主要依靠本国的矿产资源来保障现代化建设的需要。同时，中国又积极引进国外资本和技术开发中国矿产资源，利用国外市场与国外矿产资源，并努力推动中国矿山企业和矿产品进入国际市场。

平方公里，和海南省差不多。文山州有悠久的历史，境内发现过古人类牙齿化石，说明远古时期就有人类在此生息、劳动。

文山州物产丰富，矿业开发前景良好，土特产品久负盛名，三七种植面积和产量均占全国85%以上。文山州居住着汉、壮、苗、瑶、彝、回、布依、傣、白、蒙古、仡佬等11个民族的327万人。

在“九五”期间，在党中央、国务院的关怀下，在云南省委、省政府的领导下，州委、州政府团结带领全州各族人民认真贯彻改革开放方针，大力发展经济，改善人民生活，圆满完成“九五”计划的目标，民族团结，社会稳定，经济高速增长，是自治州成立以来社会经济发展最快的时期。

2001年经济继续保持良好发展，为“十五”计划开了个好头。一是国民经济总产值增长9.3%，占全省第二位；二是基础设施建设取得重大突破，完成一大批公路建设项目；三是产业结构由上年的38:25:37调整为36:26:38；四是对外开放迈出新的步伐，成功举办了第三届特产文化节，塑造了文山新形象；五是扶贫开发成绩突出，2001年又解决了33万贫困人口的基本温饱，农民人均年收入达763元。

long to this extraordinary class of 2004, and I am pleased to see that so many parents and family members were here today. The day belongs to them, too. Without their constant support, understanding and sacrifice, none of us could have achieved what we have. For me, to receive a degree from Harvard is a very great honor indeed. There are few countries in the world whose leaders in public life, business, science and the humanities have not had some association with Harvard—and no country that has not benefited from Harvard's outstanding contributions to human knowledge. //

You have invited me, I know, not as an individual, but as Secretary-General of the United Nations. You are saying that the United Nations matters, and that you want to hear what we have to say. Are you fight in believing that the UN matters? I think you are, because the UN offers the best hope of a stable world and a broadly equitable world order, based on generally accepted rules. That statement has been much questioned in the past year. But recent events have reaffirmed, and even strengthened, its validity. A rule-based system is in the interest of all countries—especially today. Globalization has shrunk the world. The very openness, which is such an important feature of today's most successful societies, makes deadly weapons relatively easy to obtain, and terrorists relatively difficult to restrain. //

Today, the strong feel almost as vulnerable to the weak as the weak feel vulnerable to the strong. So it is in the interest of every country to have international rules and to abide by them. And such a system can only work if, in devising and applying the rules, the legitimate interests of all countries are accommodated, and decisions are reached collectively. That is the essence of multilateralism, and the founding principle of the United Nations. All great American leaders have understood this. That is one of the things that make this country such a unique world power. America feels the need to frame. its policies, and exercise its leadership, not just in the light of its own particular interests, but also with an eye to international interests, and universal principles. //

Among the finest examples of this was the plan for reconstructing Europe after World War Ⅱ, which General Marshall announced here at Harvard in 1947. That was one part of a larger-scale and truly statesmanlike effort, in which Americans joined with others to build a new international system—a system which worked, by and large, and which survives, in its essentials, nearly 60 years later. During those 60 years, the United States and its partners developed the United Nations, built an open world economy, promoted human rights and decolonization, and supported the transformation of Europe into a democratic, cooperative community of states, such that war between them has become unthinkable. //

SECTION 2 Optional Translation (30 points)

Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basic theory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade—free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions—improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called "comparative advantage".

Here's a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and per forming routine blood tests, it's more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.

By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits. That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lower wage country also captures the advanced industry?

If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power.

"Free trade is not always a win-win situation," Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.

If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower wages will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.

时间之谜

如果你能够看懂时钟，你就可以知道一天的时间。但是谁也不知道，时间本身究竟是什么。时间是看不到、摸不着、听不见的，我们只能通过记录时间消逝的办法才知道时间的存在。虽然我们成功地测量了时间的分分秒秒，但时间仍然是宇宙间极其神秘的现象之一。

思考时间的一个方法是设想一个没有时间的世界。那样，就不可能有运动了，因为时间和运动是不可分开的。一个没有时间的世界只有在没有变化的情况下才能存在。因为时间和变化是联系在一起的。当某件事发生变化时，你知道时间已经流逝。在现实世界里，变化是永无止境的，有一些变化，如月食，只发生在瞬间，而另一些变化则反复出现，比如日出和日落。人们一直注意那些反复出现的自然现象，在人们开始计算这些现象时，他们就开始测定时间了。

想办法改变环境。”说完，这只蜥蜴便开始大干起来。森林之大，要使之改变谈何容易。不久这只蜥蜴便活活累死了。

另一只蜥蜴说：“看来想要改变这个地方非我辈能力所及，不如另寻安全的地方。”说完，便爬出了这片森林。只是它还没有找到梦中的乐土，就饿死了。

第三只蜥蜴看了看四周，说：“为什么一定要改变环境，而不改变自己来适应环境?”说完，它便借着阳光和阴影，慢慢地改变自己的肤色。于是它渐渐地在树干上隐没了。这只蜥蜴就成了变色龙2，从此在森林里安居繁衍。

蜥蜴：lizard

变色龙：chameleon