Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 200-250 wor

How to approach Reading Test Part Six

&8226;This part of the Reading Test tests your ability to identify additional or unnecessary words in a text.

&8226;Most lines contain one extra word that makes the sentence incorrect.

&8226;Read the whole text quickly to find out what it is about. As you read, try to identify the words that are incorrect.

&8226;Then read the text again, and write down the extra words. Remember there will be only one extra word in a line, and some lines are correct.

? Read the advertisement below about a company which lets offices.

? In most lines there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines are correct.

? For each numbered line 41 - 52, find the unnecessary word and then write the word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. If a line is correct write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.

Prestigious but inexpensive offices

In some towns business premises are at a premium, with scarce office space rapidly being used up. So what do you do best if you need a base for a start-up company but

41. either cannot find a suitable location or cannot afford the overheads? One solution for

42. which ever more new businesses are opting is to use the services of an office provider,

43. a company applied with business premises, generally in prestigious locations. Its

44. subscribers can both save money by working from home, while impressing their own

45. customers by using the premises such as their business address, Offices can also be

46. hired for as short a time as an hour, or for any other period, making it possible for

47. subscribers to hold meetings in rather more professional-looking surroundings than

48. their own home. In addition, office providers offer secretarial and the reception

49. facilities, thus are making these services available without the normal delays and costs

50. arising from having to recruit and employ staff. The flexibility of monitoring the

51. system means that your changing requirements can be accommodated without some

52. difficulty, allowing you to concentrate yourself on growing your business. Just choose the services you require.

(41)

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rtising and online one.

?Read the text below about communicating in groups.

?In most of the lines 41—52 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.

?If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.

?If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.

0 Communicating in groups ensures that each person present there is hearing the

00 same information at the same time. Group communication also allows people to

41 interact with each other about the changes and can help people develop a sense of

42 team, particularly that in a climate of adversity. Communicating in groups also has

43 some disadvantages. In many organizations where there will be people who will

44 not feel comfortable in talking in a group context. The more "personal" the

45 effects of the change, and the more likely people will withdraw from the group

46 process. A second danger of group communication is that for one or two

47 particularly vocal and negative people can set the tone for the group, and then foster

48 unproductive negative discussion out. While expressions of concerns about change

49 are healthy, the "doom-sayer" can cause this process to become destructive. So for

50 this reason, group communication needs to be managed with skill and expertise.

51 Sometimes an external facilitator person is necessary. Finally, there are some issues

52 that cannot be discussed within a group. For example, when in downsizing situations, it is inappropriate to announce to a group that John and Mary are losing their jobs. When changes are likely to create a high degree of upset to individuals, they must be dealt with in private.

(41)

?Read the article about management buyouts of companies．

?Choose the best sentence to fill each of the gaps．

?For each gap(9-14)，mark one letter(A-H)on your Answer Sheet．

?DO not use any Ietter more than once．

Management Buy-outs of Companies

Involving staff in management buy-out(MBO)negotiations can help smoo．th the path for the future．Employees are becoming increasingly familiar with the fluctuations and instability that their working environments can present．It's not just mergers and acquisitions that can upset the situation．Internal MBOs can also be particularly unsetting for employees．In some cases，the MBO takes place to save an ailing company．In others，it is the result of senior management and board disagreements，or is to prevent a hostile takeover bid． (9) ．This insecurity can be very damaging．One of the most important factors，often not considered during the process of an MBO，is the reaction of the workforce，yet it is those employees who more often than not can make or break the future Success of any new management team． (10) ．By maintaining channels of communication across the floor．new management teams could find the rank and file a useful ally in the bid to take over． Showing those employees that a buy-out could be to their advantage，creating new opportunities for promotion or career development，will in the long-term be advantageous to the entire company．

The challenge for new management should be to reinspire employees． (11) ． If the new team doesn't engage old employees in future plans or consider the contribution they can make，the idea that the MBO was meant to save everyone is lost．In this situation，long-term employees begin to see the new management team and shareholders as the only beneficiaries in the buy-out and feel in the end that the only people saved are those at the top of the corporate ladder． (12) ．This will mean that the rescue will fail before it has really started．

It is depressingly common for new MBO teams not to learn from the past． (13) ． If the new team can find innovative ways to involve staff activelv in various aspects of the buy-out process，the benefits are manifold． (14) ．A package with such components can gain their support and be invaluable in building success for the venture，and iS one that enlightened MBO teams tend to adopt．

A．Including them in any buy-out，discussions can improve the new company's future prospects．

B．In such circumstances it is easy for the new board to make the same mistakes as the old．

C．Possibilities for realising these include decision-making，setting goals，and offering the chance of a future stake in the new company．

D．Whatever its origins，those lower down the corporate ranks can often be left out of the equation，wondering what is to become of them．

E．Nobody benefits if the company fails to meet its objectives．

F．Yet the new start represents a golden opportunity．

G．This requirement is particularly relevant when a company has failed or when staff have lost faith in the previous management．

H．Internal MBOs can also be particularly unsettling for employees．

(9)

Read the text below about Nike.

For each question 31—40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS

Eliminating Sweatshops at Nike: Just De it!

Over the past decade, Nike has been one of the most profitable companies in the United States. However, at a time when the company's spokesperson, Michael Jordan, was bringing in over $10 million, the young, mostly women workers in its Indonesian plants were taking home only $ 2.23 a day. (31) , working conditions in Nike's Serang plant, 50 miles west of Jakarta, were far from ideal. Hundreds of workers, some children, were crowded into vast sheds where they glued, stitched, pressed, and boxed 70 million pairs of (32) a year. Collusion between local management and government made organizing workers into unions both difficult and dangerous, and the high level of unemployment left workers powerless. Taken together, these labor practices helped keep cost so low and quality so high that a pair of running shoes that (33) for $75 retail in the United States cost just $18.25 to manufacture.

With this type of cost and price structure, it is easy to see how Nike became so profitable. However, the ability to sustain these practices became an issue in 1996 when the U.S. media exposed these sweatshop conditions. As consumers became increasingly aware of (34) their sneakers were actually being made, some felt guilty, and human rights groups went so far (35) to organize boycotts of Nike products. Given the damage to Nike's image and future profitability, something had to be done.

At first, Nike CEO Phillip Knight defended his operations, noting that Nike pays its workers no (36) than its rivals do and that these workers make more than minimum wage in the host countries. Critics countered that the level of pay was (37) the subsistence level and much lower than what is paid by other U.S. companies such as Coco-Cola, Gillette, and Goodyear.

To end this image problem (38) and for all, on May 12, 1998, Knight pledged to (a) raise the minimum worker age requirement, (b) adopt U. S.-style. safety and health standards, and (c) allow human rights groups to help monitor working conditions in all foreign plants. He again showed his commitment to reform. six months later (39) raising wages 22 percent to offset the currency devaluation that rocked Indonesia in the fall of 1998. Knight used both occasions to challenge his competitors to do the same, realizing that their failure to do so would put Nike at a competitive disadvantage. Although it is currently unclear how these (40) will respond, it is obvious that Nike is at least trying to establish its image as a trend setter in both footwear and working conditions in international locations.

(30)

&8226;Read the text below about customer care.

&8226;In most of the lines 41-52 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.

&8226;If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.

&8226;If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.

Customer care

Apart from ensuring that an efficient electricity supply for our customers, NatElectric provides an invaluable service in other areas

41. as well. While our Customer Helpline (charged at local rates) is the

42. first point of contact with when you want to make an enquiry and

43. we receive a huge number of calls from customers - on

44. average, there are 50000 calls a one week. Available 24 hours

45. a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year, our Helpline on advisors

46. aim at to answer 95 per cent of all calls within 15 seconds. There

47. are more than 200 advisors, working in around the clock to

48. provide for this service, backed by a further 80 support staff

49. who do handle any necessary paperwork. Although our target

50. is to reply to letters within 10 working days, NatElectric regularly

51. responds within three to four days, and we are especially proud of the

52. very high standards achieved of our customer relations team.

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