SECTION ACHINESE TO ENGLISHDirections: Translate the following text into English. 北京获得

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

The writers' conference is a peculiarly American institution, combining an ethic of self-reliance and self-improvement with the sunny conviction that all things worth having can be bought or taught. Writers' conferences, like the M. F.A. programs and other writing courses that have spread in American universities since the middle of the 20th century —there are now upwards of two hundred and fifty of them —are predicated on the principle that the ability to write does not depend solely upon God-given talent but can be acquired. The price of a Bread Loaf education is eighteen hundred dollars for tuition and room and board, though about a third of the students receive scholarships. The most celebrated writers' program in the country, the Iowa Writers' Workshop, established the industry's ruling metaphor, which is that writing is something like wood-working: you put on your apron, roll up your sleeves, and practice your craft. Iowa has also helped popularize an unfortunate neologism, "workshop" as a transitive verb, the use of which is endemic to a place like Bread Loaf (for example, the sentence "My writers' group workshopped the hell out of this poem, but I still have to resolve some enjambment issues".)

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

The thirty-second day out of Bombay began inauspiciously. In the morning a sea smashed one of the galley doors. We dashed in through lots of steam and found the cook very wet and indignant with the ship: "She's getting worse every day. She's trying to drown me in front of my own stove!" He was very angry. We pacified him, and the carpenter, though washed away twice from there, managed to repair the door. Through that accident our dinner was not ready till late, but it didn't matter in the end because Knowles, who went to fetch it, got knocked down by a sea and the dinner went over the side. The ship's captain, looking more hard and thin-lipped than ever, would not notice that the ship, asked to do too much, appeared to lose heart altogether for the first time since we knew her.

Human vision like that of other primates has evolved in an arboreal

environment. In the dense complex world of a tropical forest, it is more

important to see well to develop an acute sense of smell. In the 【M1】______

course of evolution members of the primate line has acquired large 【M2】______

eyes while the snout has shrunk to give the eye an unimpeding view. 【M3】______

Of mammals only humans and some primates enjoy color vision. The red

flag is black to the bull. Horses live in a monochrome world. Light visible to

human eyes, therefore, occupies only a very narrow band in the whole 【M4】______

electromagnetic spectrum. Ultraviolet rays are invisible to humans though

ants and honeybees are insensitive to them. Humans have no direct perception 【M5】______

of infrared rays like the rattlesnake that has receptors tuned into 【M6】______

wavelengths longer than 0. 7 micron. The world would look eery different 【M7】______

if human eyes are sensitive to infrared radiation. Then instead of the darkness 【M8】______

of night, we would be able to move easily in a strange shadowless world

where objects glowed with varying degrees of intensity. But human eyes excel

in other way. They are in fact remarkably discerning in color gradation. 【M9】______

The color sensitivity of normal human vision is rarely surpassed even 【M10】______

sophisticated technical devices.

【M1】

al importance, Therefore, they prefer to be engaged in many of such activities rather than spend much time on study, This is argued by other college students who believe that learning is the primary task of students, What do you think?

Write an essay of about 400 words.

In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.

You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, ifa man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. There is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like.

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

That relaxation is a necessity is a fact generally admitted but most people do not suspect that, in order to rest the mind, relaxation must be active. That is not to say that our activity must entail strenuous effort, but only that it must prevent that passiveness which is conductive to dispersion of thought. On the pretext of resting, some people allow their thoughts to drift hither and thither according to their imagination. This is a harmful habit which is weakening to our mental powers, and is, moreover, unreasonable. Complete inertia is much more tiring than moderate work; it leads to incurable boredom, destroys intellectual and moral energy; in a word, it impairs our higher faculties. The most profitable kind of relaxation is derived from physical exercise or from an easy occupation. Walking is such an exercise, and is particularly recommended, for it fills the lungs with the air they need, loosens the joint, and tones up the muscles. Music, likewise, rests, soothes, and elevates the mind. In order that these occupations may give the benefit they are intended to bestow, sufficient attention must be given to them, for rest, apart from the time spent in sleep, does not consist in the desperation of one's attention but in applying it to an easy occupation.

qualities in character inherited at birth or conditioned by circumstances? Write an essay stating your view on this question.

Requirement:

In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis or view. In the middle part you should support your view with examples or details, and then your writing should have a good conclusion. Marks will be awarded for content, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions' may result in a loss of marks.

Length: Approximately 400 words.

Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Directions: Translate the following text into English.

20世纪，人类取得了巨大的成就，其中科学技术的进步也许是最大的成就。展望21世纪，科学技术的迅速发展和高科技产业的兴起，将推动世界经济继续由农业经济向工业经济、进而向知识经济嬗变。世界正在发生深刻的变化：经济与科学技术的结合与日俱增；世界经济的重组加快步伐；经济繁荣不仅仅取决于资源和资本的总量，而且直接依赖于技术知识和信息的积累和应用。

为了实现现代化目标，中国下决心对科学和教育进行投资。1999年8月，中国政府决定加大技术创新的力度，发展高科技，完成工业化。这对面向新世纪的中国有着重要意义，是振兴中华民族的必由之路。在新千年到来之际，中国将鼓励创新，加快商业化、工业化和国际化的进程。

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

Wonderful fact to reflect upon, that every human creature is constituted to be that profound secret and mystery to every other. A solemn consideration, when enter a great city by night, that every one of those darkly clustered houses encloses its own secret; that every room in every one of them encloses its own secret; that every beating heart in the hundreds of thousands of breasts there, is, if some of its imaginings, a secret to the heart nearest it! Something of the awfulness, even of Death itself, is referable to this. No more can I turn the leaves of this dear book that loved, and vainly hope in time to read it all. No more can I look into the depths of this unfathomable water, wherein as momentary lights glanced into it, I have had glimpses of buried treasure and other things submerged.

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Directions: Translate the following text into English.

人生是由“渐”维持的。这在女人恐怕尤为必要：歌剧中，舞台上如花的少女，就是将来火炉旁边的老婆子，这句话骤听使人不能相信，少女也不肯承认，实则现在的老婆予都是由如花的少女“渐渐”变成的。

人之能堪受境遇的变衰，也伞靠这“渐”的助力。巨富的纨绔子弟固屡次破产而“渐渐”荡尽其家产，变为贫者；贫者只得做雇工，雇工往往变成奴隶，奴隶容易变为无赖，无赖与乞丐相去甚近，乞丐不妨做偷儿……这样的例子，在小说中，在实际上，均多得很。因为其实变衰是延长为十年二十年而一步一步地“渐渐”地达到的，在本人不感到甚么强烈的刺激。