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The prehistoric monument of Stonehenge stands tall in the British countryside as one of th

e last remnants of the Neolithic Age. Recently it has also become the latest symbol of another era: the new fiscal austerity. A plan to replace the site? s run-down visitors center with one almost five times bigger and to close a busy road that runs along the 5,000-year-old monument had to be mothballed in June. The British government had suddenly withdrawn £ 10 million, or $16 million, in financing for the project as part of a budget austerity.

Stonehenge, once a temple with giant stone slabs aligned in a circle to mark the passage of the sun, is among the most prominent victims of the government? s spending cuts. The decision was heavily criticized by local lawmakers, especially because Stonehenge, a UnescoWorld Heritage site, was part of London? s successful bid to host the 2012 Olympic Games.The shabby visitors center there now is already too small for the 950,000 people who visit Stonehenge each year, let alone theadditional onslaught of tourists expected for the Games, the official says.

Stonehenge is the busiest tourist attraction in Britain? s southwest, topping even Windsor Castle. But no major improvements have been made to the facilities there since they were built 40 years ago.For now, portable toilets lead from a crammed parking lot, a makeshift souvenir shop in a tent, a ticket office opposite a small kiosk that sells coffee and snacks.

The overhaul was scheduled for next spring in 2011. The plan, held by Denton Corker Marshall, the architectural firm, would keep the stone monument itself unchanged. But the current ticket office and shop would be demolished and a new visitors center would be built on the other side of the monument, about 2.5 kilometers, or 1.5 miles, from the stones.The center would have included a shop almost five times the size of the current one, a proper restaurant, three times as many parking spots and an exhibition space to provide more information about Stonehenge? s history.

A transit system would have shuttled visitors between the center and the stones while footpaths would have encouraged tourists to walk to the monument and explore the surrounding burial hills. The closed road would be grassed over to improve the surrounding landscape.Last year, the £27 million project won the backing of former Prime Minister

Gordon Brown. After more than 25 years of bickering with local communities about how and where to build the new center, planning permission was granted in January. Construction was supposed to start and be completed in time for the Olympics, but the economic recession has changed.

The new prime minister, David Cameron, has reversed many of his predecessor? s promises as part of a program to cut more than £99 billion annually over a period of five years to help to close a gaping budget deficit. The financing for Stonehenge fell in the first round of cuts, worth about £6.2 billion, from the budget for the current year, along with support for a hospital and the British Film Institute.

English Heritage, a partly government-financed organization that owns Stonehenge and more than 400 other historic sites in the country, is now aggressively looking for private donations. But the economic downturn has made the endeavor more difficult.

Loraine Knowles, Stonehenge? s project director, said she was disappointed that the government had withdrawn money while continuing to support museums in London. But she said she was hopeful that English Heritage could raise the money elsewhere. Stonehenge, she said, could then also become “a shining example of how philanthropy could work.”

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更多“The prehistoric monument of Stonehenge stands tall in the British countryside as one of th”相关的问题

第1题

互联网推进了中国经济社会发展。在经济领域,互联网加速向传统产业渗透,产业边界日益交融,新型商务

模式和服务经济加速兴起,衍生了新的业态。

互联网在促进经济结构调整、转变经济发展方式等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。

互联网成为推动中国经济发展的重要引擎。包括互联网在内的信息技术与产业,对中国经济高速增长作出了重要贡献。

互联网与实体经济不断融合,利用互联网改造和提升传统产业,带动了传 统产业结构调整和经济发展方式的转变。互联网发展与运用还催生了一批新兴产业,工业咨询、软件服务、外包服务等工业服务业蓬勃兴起。信息技术在加快自主创新和节能降耗,推动减排治污等方面的作用日益凸显,互联网已经成为中国发展低碳经济的新型战略性产业。

中国政府将大力推动电子商务类、教育类网站发展,积极推进电子政务建设,支持发展网络广播、网络电视等新兴媒体,倡导提供形式多样、内容丰富的互联网信息服务,以满足人们多样化、多层次的信息消费需求。

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第2题

When night falls in remote parts of Africa and the Indian subcontinent, hundreds of millio

ns of people without access to electricity turn to candles or flammable and polluting kerosene lamps for illumination.

Slowly through small loans for solar powered devices, microfinance is bringing light to these rural regions where a lack of electricity has stymied economic development, literacy rates and health. A woman sews clothes on a sewing machine driven by solar energy in Ahmedabad/ Photo credit: Amit Dave/ Reuters

“Earlier, they could not do much once the sun set. Now, the sun is used differently. They have increased their productivity, improved their health and socio-economic status,” said Pinal Shah from SEWA Bank, a micro -lending institution.

Vegetable seller Ramiben Waghri took out a loan to buy a solar lantern which she uses to light up her stall at night. The lantern costs between $66-$112, about a week? s income for Waghri.

“The vegetables look better by this light, and it? s cheaper than kerosene and doesn? t smell,” said Waghri, who estimates she makes about 300 rupees ($6) more each evening with her lantern.

“If we can use the sun to save some money, why not?”

In India, solar power projects, often funded by micro credit institutions, are helping the country reduce carbon emissions and achieve its goal to double the contribution of renewable energy to 6%, or 25,000 megawatts, within the next four years.

Off-grid applications such as solar cookers and lanterns, which can provide several hours of light at night after being charged by the sun during the day, will help cut dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the fourth biggest emitter? s carbon footprint, said Pradeep Dadhich, a senior fellow at energy research institute TERI.

“They are reaching people who otherwise have limited or no access to electricity, and depend on kerosene, diesel or firewood for their energy needs,” he said.“The applications not only satisfy these needs, they also improve the quality of life and reduce the carbon footprint.”

SEWA or Self Employed Women? s Association, is among a growing number of microfinance institutions in India focused on providing affordable renewable energy sources to poor people, who otherwise would have had to stand for hours to buy kerosene for lamps, or trudge miles to collect firewood for cooking.

SKS Microfinance, India? s largest MFI, offers solar lamps to its 5 million customers, while Grameen Surya Bijlee (Rural Solar Electricity) Foundation helps fund lamps and home and street lighting systems for villagers in India, Nepal and Bangladesh.

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第3题

全球气候变化深刻影响着人类生存和发展,是各国共同面临的重大挑战。 气候变化是人类发展进程中

全球气候变化深刻影响着人类生存和发展,是各国共同面临的重大挑战。

气候变化是人类发展进程中出现的问题,既受自然因素影响,也受人类活动影响,既是环境问题,更是发展问题,同各国发展阶段、生活方式、人口规模、资源禀赋以及国际产业分工等因素密切相关。归根到底,应对气候变化问题应该也只能在发展过程中推进,应该也只能靠共同发展来解决。

中国已经制定和实施了《应对气候变化国家方案》,明确提出2005年到2010年降低单位国内生产总值能耗和主要污染物排放、提高森林覆盖率和可再生能源比重等有约束力的国家指标。

今后,中国将进一步把应对气候变化纳入经济社会发展规划,并继续采取强有力的措施。一是加强节能、提高能效工作,争取到2020年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年有显著下降。二是大力发展可再生能源和核能,争取到2020年非化石能源占一次能源消费比重达到15%左右。三是大力增加森林碳汇,争取到2020年森林面积比2005年增加4000万公顷,森林蓄积量比2005年增加13亿立方米。四是大力发展绿色经济,积极发展低碳经济和循环经济,研发和推广气候友好技术。

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第4题

LECCO, Italy — Each morning, about 450 students travel along 17 school bus routes to 10 el

ementary schools in this lakeside city at the southern tip of Lake Como. There are zero school buses.

In 2003, to confront the triple threats of childhood obesity, local traffic jams and — most important — a rise in global greenhouse gases abetted by car emissions, an environmental group here proposed a retro-radical concept: children should walk to school.

They set up a piedibus (literally foot-bus in Italian) — a bus route with a driver but no vehicle. Each morning a mix of paid staff members and parental volunteers in fluorescent yellow vests lead lines of walking students along Lecco? s twisting streets to the schools? gates, Pied Piper-style, stopping here and there as their flock expands.

At the Carducci School, 100 children, or more than half of the students, now take walking buses. Many of them were previously driven in cars. Giulio Greppi, a 9-year-old with shaggy blond hair, said he had been driven about a third of a mile each way until he started taking the piedibus. “I get to see my friends and we feel special because we know it? s good for the environment,” he said.

Although the routes are each generally less than a mile, the town? s piedibuses have so far eliminated more than 100,000 miles of car travel and, in principle, prevented thousands of tons of greenhouse gases from entering the air, Dario Pesenti, the town? s environment auditor, estimates.

The number of children who are driven to school over all is rising in the United States and Europe, experts on both continents say, making up a sizable chunk of transportation? s contribution to greenhouse-gas emissions. The “school run” made up 18 percent of car trips by urban residents of Britain last year, a national survey showed.

In 1969, 40 percent of students in the United States walked to school; in 2001, the most recent year data was collected, 13 percent did, according to the federal government? s National Household Travel Survey.

Lecco? s walking bus was the first in Italy, but hundreds have cropped up elsewhere in Europe and, more recently, in North America to combat the trend. Towns in France, Britain and elsewhere in Italy have created such routes, although few are as extensive and long-lasting as Lecco? s.

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第5题

国际金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。主要表现在:经济下行压力明显加大,进出口继续下

滑,工业生产明显放缓,部分企业生产经营困难,就业难度加大。这场国际金融危机与中国发展方式转变、经济结构调整的关键时期不期而遇,新的挑战与既有矛盾相互交织,加大了我们解决问题的难 度。

为应对国际金融危机冲击、保持经济平稳较快发展,中国及时调整宏观经济政策,果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策,形成了进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的一揽子计划。我们大规模增加政府支出,实施总额4万亿元人民币的两年投资计划,实行结构性减税政策,多次降息和增加银行体系流动性,大范围实施产业调整振兴规划,大力推进科技创新和技术改造,大力加强节能减排和生态环境保护,继续调整国民收入分配格局,大力拓展国内市场特别是农村市场,大幅度提高社会保障水平。

现在,这些措施已取得初步成效、呈现出积极迹象,国内消费需求比较旺盛,投资需求稳步提高,社会大局保持稳定。这表明中国的应对思路是符合实际的,政策是积极有效的。中国为应对国际金融危机冲击采取的一系列举措不仅对本国经济、而且对区域经济乃至世界经济都将产生积极影响。

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第6题

Plans are well under way for a year of celebrations to mark the upcoming bicentennial of o

ne of Poland&39;s favorite native sons-Frédéric, Chopin.

The prestigious International Chopin Competition for pianists will mark its 16th edition in October 2010. Held every five years, the competition draws scores of young musicians from all over the world. In addition, Warsaw&39;s Chopin Museum, with the world&39;s largest collection of Chopin documents and other artifacts, will undergo a total redesign, modernization and expansion.

A lavishly illustrated new guidebook called "Chopin&39;s Poland" was already published this year. It leads visitors to dozens of sites in Warsaw and elsewhere around the country where the composer lived, ate, studied, performed, visited or even partied.

"Actually, Chopin doesn&39;t need to be promoted, but we hope that Poland and Polish culture can be promoted through Chopin," said Monika Strugala, who is coordinating the Chopin 2010 program under the aegis of the Fryderyk ChopinInstitute, a body set up by the Sejm in 2001 to promote and protect Chopin&39;s work and image.

"We want to confirm to all that he is a very, very important Polish symbol," she said. Indeed, it&39;s not much of an exaggeration to say that Chopin&39;s music flows through the Polish national consciousness like some sort of cultural lifeblood. The son of a Polish mother and a French émigréfather, Chopin was born in a manor house at Zelazowa Wola, about 50 kilometers, or 30 miles, west of Warsaw, and moved to Warsaw as an infant.

The manor is something of a Chopin shrine-since the 1930 s it has been a museum and center for concerts. Like the Chopin Museum in Warsaw, it, too, is undergoing extensive renovation as part of bicentennial preparations.

Chopin spent his first 20 years in and around Warsaw. He was already a noted pianist as a boy and composed concertos and other important works as a teenager. He carried Polish soil with him when he left Warsaw on a concert tour in 1830, just a few weeks before the outbreak of the November Uprising, an abortive Polish revolt against Czarist Russia, which then ruled Warsaw and a broad swath of Polish territory.

Chopin remained in exile in France after the uprising was crushed. But so attached was he to his native land that after his death in Paris in 1849 his heart-on his own instructions-was brought back to Warsaw for interment. The rest of his body is buried in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris.

"For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also,"reads the Biblical inscription on a plaque where his heart is kept today, preserved in an urn and concealed in a pillar of the Holy Cross Church in central Warsaw. Mozart&39;s"Requiem" will be performed here as part of Bicentennial events.

Exile and patriotism, as well as extraordinary genius, have long made Chopin&39;s appeal transcend all manner of social and political divides.

Polish folk motifs thread through some of his finest pieces, and patriotic fervor, as well as homesick longing, infuse some of his best-known works.

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第7题

作为一个国际商业中心,上海拥有繁忙的港口,亚洲最重要的证券交易所之一,以及世界500强都不能忽视

的巨大市场。

上海已建成全国顶级的博物馆和歌剧院,还将举办2010年世界博览会,向人们展示其商业和文化中心的地位。在世博会153年的历史中,拥有1700万人口的上海将成为发展中国家的首个东道主。预计在2010年5月至10月的世博会期间,参观人数将达到创纪录的7000万人次。世博会的主题为:城市,让生活更美好。上海希望通过举办世博会盈 利的同时,能吸引资金流向其服务业。从长远看,世博会将有利于城市改造并全面提升海海的国际形象。

上海计划为世博会投资30亿美元。为确保世博会举办期间交通顺畅,还将投入更多资金用于改造道路和地铁。

根据世博会规划,所有会展建筑将建在黄浦江两岸,包括众多高科技展厅和一个会议中心。上海市政府决心通过举办世博会,不断改善城市生活。世博会结束后,大部分场址将被改造成生活、办公和休闲设施。

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第8题

Last Friday an advisory panel to the European Environment Agency issued an extraordinary s

cientific opinion: The European Union should suspend its goal of having 10 percent of transportation fuel made from biofuel by 2020.

The European Union&39;s biofuel targets were increased and extended from 5.75 percent by 2010 to 10 percent by 2020 just last year. Still, Europe&39;s well-meaning rush to biofuels, the scientists concluded, had produced a slew of harmful ripple effects - from deforestation in Southeast Asia to higher prices for grains.

In a recommendation released last weekend, the 20-member panel, made up of some of Europe&39;s most distinguished climate scientists, called the 10 percent target "overambitious" and an "experiment" whose "unintended effects are difficult to predict and difficult to control."

"The idea was that we felt we needed to slow down, to analyze the issue carefully and then come back at the problem," Laszlo Somlyody, the panel&39;s chairman and a professor at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, said in a telephone interview.

He said that part of the problem was that when it set the targets, the European Union was trying desperately to solve the problem of rising transportation emissions "in isolation," without adequately studying the effects of other sectors like land use and food supply.

"The starting point was correct: I&39;m happy that the European Union took the lead in cutting greenhouse gasses and we need to control traffic emissions," Somlyody said. "But the basic problem is it thought of transport alone, without considering all these other effects. And we don&39;t understand those very well yet." The panel&39;s advice is not binding and it is not clear whether the European Commission will follow the recommendation.

It has become increasingly clear that the global pursuit of biofuels - encouraged by a rash of targets and subsides in both Europe and the United States - has not produced the desired effect.

Investigations have shown, for example, rain forests and peat swamp are being cleared to make way for biofuel plantations, a process that produces more emissions than the biofuels can save. Equally concerning, land needed to produce food forpeople to eat is planted with more profitable biofuel crops, and water is diverted from the drinking supply.

In Europe and the United States, food prices for items like pizza and bread have increased significantly as grain stores shrink and wheat prices rise.

The price of wheat and rice are double those of a year ago, and corn is a third higher, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization said this week.

"Food price inflation hits the poor hardest, as the share of food in their total expenditures is much higher than that of wealthier populations," said Henri Josserand of the Food and Agriculture Organization

For example, the European Environment Agency advisory panel suggests that the best use of plant biomass is not for transport fuel but to heat homes and generate electricity.

To be useful for vehicles, plant matter must be distilled to a fuel and often transported long distances. To heat a home, it can often be used raw or with minimal processing, and moved just a short distance away.

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第9题

中国人民选择和平发展道路,是基于中国的传统文化、惨痛的历史和现实 的巨大成就所作出的明智选择。

中国是一个有5000年历史的文明古国,有着与外来文化取长补短、兼容并蓄的传统。我们的祖先历来强调“以和为贵”。历史上,中国在对外交往中始终强调亲仁善邻、和而不同。2000 多年前,中国与周边国家有使节往来、商品交易、文化交流,汉朝张骞出使西域开辟了陆上“丝绸之路”。1000多年前,中国对外 交往海陆并重,盛况空前,茶叶、丝绸、瓷器等商品远销亚欧诸多国家;600多年前,中国明代航海家郑和率领舰队“七下西洋”,足迹遍及亚非30多个国家和地区,带去的是先进的农耕和手工艺技术,还有精美的产品和真诚的友谊。这样的文化传统决定了今天的中国必然选择和平发展延续历史,并融入当今世界和平与发展的潮流。

从 19 世纪 80 年代之后的鸦片战争、甲午战争,到庚子之乱乃至20世纪30年代的日本侵华战争,中国惨遭东西方列强的屠戮和极其野蛮的经济掠夺;再加上封建腐败和连年内乱,中国主权沦丧、生灵涂炭、国力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的灾难、惨痛的事实使中华民族深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。这样的历史实践形成了中国人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理,坚定了中国人民走和平发展道路的信念。

1949 年新中国成立后,我们在发展道路上艰辛探索,既经历过成功的喜悦,也经受过失败的挫折。从 1978 年开始,中国开启了新的征程,从计划转向市场,从封闭转向开放,从自成一体转向融入经济全球化,走独立自主地建设中国特色社会主义的道路,取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。实践充分证明,坚持走和平发展的道路是正确的,既符合中国国情,又顺应时代潮流。中国将沿着这条和平发展的道路,坚定不移地走下去。

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第10题

LONGYEARBYEN, Norway — With plant species disappearing at an alarming rate, scientists and

governments are creating a global network of plant banks to store seeds and sprouts, precious genetic resources that may be needed for man to adapt the world? s food supply to climate change.

This week, the flagship of that effort, the Global Seed Vault near here, received its first seeds, millions of them. Bored into the middle of a frozen Arctic mountain topped with snow, the vault? s goal is to store and protect samples of every type of seed from every seed collection in the world.

As of Thursday, thousands of neatly stacked and labeled gray boxes of seeds — peas from Nigeria, corn from Mexico — reside in this glazed cavelike structure, forming a sort of backup hard drive, in case natural disasters or human errors erase the seeds from the outside world.

Descending almost 500 feet under the permafrost, the entrance tunnel to the seed vault is designed to withstand bomb blasts and earthquakes. An automated digital monitoring system controls temperature and provides security akin to a missile silo or Fort Knox. No one person has all the codes for entrance.

The Global Vault is part of a broader effort to gather and systematize information about plants and their genes, which climate change experts say may indeed prove more valuable than gold. In Leuven, Belgium, scientists are scouring the world for banana samples and preserving their shoots in liquid nitrogen before they become extinct. A similar effort is under way in France on coffee plants. A number of plants, most from the tropics, do not produce seeds that can be stored.

For years, a hodgepodge network of seed banks has been amassing seed and shoot collections in a haphazard manner. Labs in Mexico banked corn species. Those in Nigeria banked cassava. Now these scattershot efforts are being urgently consolidated and systematized, in part because of better technology to preserve plant genes and in part because of the rising alarm about climate change and its impact on world food production.

“We started thinking about this post-9/11 and on the heels of Hurricane Katrina,” said Cary Fowler, president of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, a nonprofit group that runs the vault. “Everyone was saying, why didn? t anyone prepare for a hurricane before? We knew it was going to happen.“Well, we are losing biodiversity every day — it? s a kind of drip, drip, drip. It? s also inevitable. We need to do something about it.”

This week the urgency of the problem was underscored as wheat prices rose to record highs and wheat stores dropped to the lowest level in 35 years. A series of droughts and new diseases cut wheat production in many parts of the world. “The erosion of plants? genetic resources is really going fast,” said Dr. Rony Swennen, head of the division of crop biotechnology at the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium, who has preserved half of the world? s 1,200 banana types. “We? re at a critical moment and if we don? t act fast, we? re going to lose a lot of plants that we may need.”

The United Nations International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources, ratified in 2004, created a formal global network for banking and sharing seeds, as well as for studying their genetic traits. Last year, its database received thousands of new seeds.

A system of plant banks could be crucial in responding to climate crises since it could identify genetic material and plant strains better able to cope with a changed environment.

Here at the Global Vault, hundreds of gray boxes containing seeds from places ranging from Syria to Mexico were moved this week into a freezing vault to be placed in suspended animation. They harbor a vast range of qualities, like the ability to withstand drier, warmer climate.

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整页拍照识别、查看答案 1/每题 5/每次

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