We chose 500 college students and used the Internet to teach them 100 words that often appear in academic 1texts.（）

Reading is not the only way to gain knowledge of the work in the past. There is another large. reservoir which may be called experience, and the college students will find, that every craftsman (工匠) has something he can teach and will generally teach gladly any college student who does not look down upon them. The information from them differs from that in textbooks and papers chiefly in that its theoretical part—the explanations of why things happen, is frequently quite fantastic. But the demonstration (示范) and report of what happens, and how it happens are correct even if the reports are in completely unscientific terms. Presently the college students will learn, in this case also, what to accept and what to reject. One important thing for a college student to remember is that if Aristotle could talk to the fisherman, so can he.

Another source of knowledge is the vast store of traditional practices handed down from father to son, or mother to daughter, of old country customs, of folklore (风俗). All this is very difficult for a college student to examine, for much knowledge and personal experience is needed here to separate good plants from wild grass. The college students should learn to realize and remember how much of real value science has found in this wide and confused wilderness and how long scientific discoveries of what had existed in this area long.

In the last paragraph the phrase "this wide and confused wilderness" refers to ______.

A．personal experience

B．wild weeds among good plants

C．the information from the parents

D．the vast store of traditional practices

Reading is not the only way to gain knowledge of the work in the past. There is another large reservoir (知识库) which may be called experience, and the college student will find that every craftsman (工匠) has something he can teach and will generally teach gladly to any college student who does not look down upon them. The information from them differs from (不同于) that in textbooks and papers chiefly in that its theoretical (理论的) part—the explanations of why things happen—is frequently quite fantastic (神奇的). But the demonstration (示范) and report of what happens, and how it happens are correct even if the reports are in completely unscientific terms (术语). Presently the college student will learn, in this case also, what to accept and what to reject. One important thing for a college student to remember is that if Aristotle could talk to the fisherman, so can he. Another source of knowledge is the vast store of traditional (传统的) practices handed down from father to son, or mother to daughter, of old country customs (习惯), of folklore (风俗). All this is very difficult for a college student to examine, for much knowledge and personal experience is needed here to separate good plants from wild grass. The college student should learn to realize and remember how much of real value science has found in this wide, confused wilderness and how often scientific discoveries of what had existed in this area long age.

In the last paragraph the phrase "this wide, confused wilderness" refers to ______.

A．personal experience

B．wild weeds among good plants

C．the information from the parents

D．the vast store of traditional practices

According to the article, the Competition Bureau holds that the Competition Act.

A．applies equally to all representations

B．conveys a false impression to ordinary citizens

C．should be followed rigorously

D．has effectively eliminated deceptive online advertising

New research from Vanderbilt University suggests that we can remember more faces than other objects and that faces "stick" the best in our short-term memory. The reason may be that our expertise in remembering faces allows us to package them better for memory.

"Our results show that we can store more faces than other objects in our visual short-term memory," Gauthier, associate professor of psychology and the study's co-author, said. "We believe this happens because of the special way in which faces are encoded."

Kim Curby, the study's primary author and a post-doctoral researcher at Yale University, likens such encoding to packing a suitcase. "How much you can fit in a bag depends on how well you pack it," she said. "In the same way, our expertise in 'packaging' faces means that we can remember more of them."

Curby and Gauthier's research has practical implications for the way we use visual short-term memory or VSTM. "Being able to store more faces in VSTM may be very useful in complex social situations," Gauthier said.

"This opens up the possibility of training people to develop similarly superior VSTM for other categories of objects," Curby added.

Short-term memory is crucial to our impression of a continuous world, serving as temporary storage for information that we are currently using. For example, in order to understand this sentence, your short-term memory will remember the words in the beginning while you read through to the end. VSTM is a component of short-term memory that helps us process and briefly remember images and objects, rather than words and sounds.

VSTM allows us to remember objects for a few seconds, but its capacity is limited. Curby and Gauthier's new research focuses on whether we can store more faces than other objects in VSTM, and the possible mechanisms underlying this advantage.

Study participants studied up to five faces on a screen for varying lengths of time (up to four seconds). A single face was later presented and participants decided if this was a face that was part of the original display. For a comparison, the process was repeated with other objects, like watches or cars.

Curby and Gauthier found that when participants studied the displays for only a brief amount of time (half a second), they could store fewer faces than objects in VSTM. They believe this is because faces are more complex than watches or cars and require more time to be encoded. Surprisingly, when participants were given more time to encode the images (four seconds), an advantage for faces over objects emerged.

The researchers believe that our experience with faces explains this advantage. This theory is supported by the fact that the advantage was only obtained for faces encoded in the upright orientation, with which we are most familiar. Faces that were encoded upside-down showed no advantage over other objects.

We can remember more faces than other objects in our VSTM because______.

A．we have better knowledge for storing faces

B．faces last longer in our memory

C．we package faces better for memory

D．faces are encoded in a special way in our mind

Part A

Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

As long as her parents can remember, 13-year-old Katie Hart has been talking about going to college. Her mother, Tally, a financial-aid officer at a California University, knows all too well the daunting thing of paying for a college education. Last year the average yearly tuition at a private, four-year school climbed 5.5 percent to more than $17,000. The Harts have started saving, and figure they can afford a public university without a problem. But what if Katie applies to Princeton (she's threatening), where one year's tuition, room and board—almost $34, 000 in 2007—will cost more than some luxury cars? Even a number cruncher like Tally admits it's a little scary, especially since she'll retire and Katie will go to college at around the same time.

Paying for college has always been a hard endeavor. The good news: last year students collected $ 74 billion in financial aid, the most ever. Most families pay less than full freight. Sixty percent of public-university students and three quarters of those at private colleges receive some form. of financial aid—mostly, these days, in the form. of loans. But those numbers are not as encouraging as they appear for lower-income families, because schools are changing their formulas for distributing aid. Eager to boost their magazine rankings, which are based in part on the test scores of entering freshmen, they're throwing more aid at smarter kids—whether they need it or not.

The best way to prepare is to start saving early. A new law passed last year makes that easier for some families. So-called 529 plans allow parents to sock away funds in federal-tax-free-investment accounts, as long as the money is used for "qualified education expenses" like tuition, room and board. The plans aren't for everyone. For tax reasons, some lower and middle income families may be better off choosing other investments. But saving is vital. When's the best time to start? "Sometime," says Jack Joyce of the College Board, "between the maternity ward and middle school. "

Aid packages usually come in some combination of grants, loans and jobs. These days 60 percent of all aid comes in the form. of low-interest loans. All students are eligible for "unsubsidized" federal Stafford loans, which let them defer interest payments until after graduation. Students who can demonstrate need can also qualify for federal Perkins loans or "subsidized" Staffords, where the government pays the interest during school. Fortunately, this is a borrower' s market. "Interest rates are at their lowest level in the history of student loans," says Mark Kantrowitz, publisher of Finaid. Kantrowitz expects rates to fall even further when they're reviewed this summer.

Traditional scholarships, academic or athletic, are still a part of many families' planning. Mack Reiter, a 17-year-old national wrestling champion, gets so many recruiting letters he throws most away. He'll almost certainly get a free ride. Without it, "we would really be in a bind," says his mother, Janet. For everyone else, it's worth the effort to pick through local and national scholarship offerings, which can be found on Web sites like college-board, com.

What does the author intend to illustrate with the example of the Harts?

A．The difficulty of paying the tuition.

B．The far-sight of the parents.

C．The promising future of Katie.

D．The increasing tuition in the university.

The study which applies the findings of linguistics to teaching English as a foreign language is often referred to as______.

A．psycholinguistics

B．applied linguistics

C．pragmatics

D．sociolinguistics