Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their

t of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world&39;s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. "It is very clear," he told me. "They were all Jews(犹太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. " As a result, every Jewish parent&39;s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West. ?

Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. "In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. " says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War Ⅱ, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese?

That&39;s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work,biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.

Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because ______ .

A.it would allow them access to a better life in the West

B.Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent

C.they wanted their children to enter into the professional field

D.it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country

Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ______ .A.enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence

B.treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development

C.encourage people to compete with each other

D.promise talented children high positions

Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to ______ .A.all-round development.

B.the learning of Western music

C.strict training of children

D.variety in academic studies

Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?A.A natural gift.

B.Extensive knowledge of music.

C.Very early training.

D.A prejudice-free society.

Which of the following titles best summarises the main idea of the passage?A.Jewish Contribution to Music.

B.Training of Musicians in the World

C.Music and Society

D.The Making of Prodigies

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ch; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm buildings-these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.

Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practised in the British Isles(英伦诸岛). Although thatch has always been used for cottage and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too.

Thatching is a solitary(独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practised today has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.

In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often reluctant to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done the British way last from twenty to sixty years, and is an effective defence against the heat . Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside?

A.Cottages with thatched roofs.

B.Churches with cottages around them.

C.Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings.

D.Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses.

What do we know about thatching as a craft?A.It is quite different from what it used to be.

B.It is in most cases handed down among family members.

C.It is practised on farms all over England.

D.It is a collective activity.

Thatched houses are still preferred because of ________.A.their durability

B.their easy maintenance

C.their cheap and ready-made materials

D.their style and comfort

People in developing countries also live under thatch because ______.A.they like thatched houses better than other buildings

B.thatch is an effective defence against the heat

C.thatched roof houses are the cheapest

D.thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction

We can learn from the passage that _______.A.the English people have a special liking for thatched houses

B.most thatched cottages in England are located on hillsides

C.thatching is a building craft first created by the English people

D.thatched cottages in England have been passed down from

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oals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.

The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.

Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. Our long-term goals mean a lot______.

A.if we complete our short-range goals

B.if we cannot reach solid short-term goals

C.if we write down the dates

D.if we put forward some plans

New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two years

B.long-term goals

C.current activities

D.the goals that have been completed

When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final success

B.we are overwhelmed

C.we should build up confidence of success

D.we should strong desire for setting new goals

Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete them

B.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities

C.we had better wait for the exciting news of success

D.we have made great decision

It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeed

B.writing down the dates may discourage you

C.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination

D.every should have a goal

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nside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story:

I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices.I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles, several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.

It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice” isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probablyhave to ask for it.

Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are beingmade, you are more likely to get the raise you want.

Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?

Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared touse communication style. to guide the direction of the interaction.

According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should ________.

A.demonstrate his capability

B.give his boss a good impression

C.ask for as much money as he can

D.ask for the salary he hopes to get

What can be inferred from Beth’s story?A.Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.

B.If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it.

C.People should not be content with what they have got.

D.People should be careful when negotiating for a job.

We can learn from the passage that ________.A.unfairness exists in salary increases

B.most people are overworked and underpaid

C.one should avoid overstating one’s performance

D.most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises

To get a pay raise, a person should ________.A.advertise himself on the job market

B.persuade his boss to sign a long-term contract

C.try to get inside information about the organization

D.do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions

To be successful in negotiations, one must ________.A.meet his boss at the appropriate time

B.arrive at the negotiation table punctually

C.be good at influencing the outcome of the interaction

D.be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes

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太多了。每个人都希望别人听他们讲，却忘了去倾听别人。这就是为什么我们的交流实际上没有我们以为的那么多。有时候我们也许会不解，为什么没有人在乎我们讲了什么。我们有自己想要表达的东西，但是却发现没有人真的在听我们说。这是因为很多时候我们一直在说话，却没有倾听任何人。

式的重要意义。抓周仪式在小孩满一周岁的时候举行，最早记载于北齐。小孩子满周岁的那天，在吃中午的长寿面之前，家里的长辈们会将书、笔、钱币、首饰、玩具和食物等摆出来，由大人将小孩抱过来，令其端坐，大人们不给予任何的引导或暗示，任孩子任意挑选，并以此为依据来预测孩子可能存在的志趣和将要从事的职业以及发展，也寄寓了长辈们对孩子的美好期待。

大、使用领域广的服装工艺。蜡染是在布匹着色的过程中，以蜂蜡（beeswax）作为防止染色的材料。蜂蜡干了之后，会产生一些裂纹，这些裂纹在染色过程中渗透进靛蓝色，于是形成了如冰花式样的美妙纹理。这样自然天成的纹理可以说是蜡染的灵魂所在。

rracotta Warriors and Horses）、大雁塔（the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda）、华清池等都是人类文化艺术的瑰宝。大雁塔位于西安南郊，建于唐代，是唐朝太子李治为了追念他的母亲文德皇后而建立的，至今已经有 1000多年的历史。大雁塔塔身由青砖砌成，结构坚固，外观简单又不失庄严，最初建立的时候只有 5层，后来又经过多次重修，现在的塔是7层，高达 64米。

著。佛教成为普通百姓的主要宗教。长安（今西安）是唐朝的首都，是当时世界上最大的城市。第二任皇帝太宗发动了军事行动来化解游牧（nomadic）部族的威胁，扩展边界，使邻国服从朝贡（tributary）制度。唐朝在塔里木盆地（Tarim Basin）军事上的胜利保持了丝绸之路畅通，连接长安到中亚地区，并远至西部。在南方，利润丰厚的海上（maritime）贸易路线从港口城市开始，如广州。