The dramatic rise in the number of homeless people in the 1980s cannot be attributed to th

without which countless animals would succumb to starvation and disease. This defense leads to the overly hasty conclusion that sport hunting produces a healthier population of animals. Which of the following, if true, best supports the authors claim that sport hunting does not necessarily produce a healthier population of animals?

A．For many economically depressed families, hunting helps keep food on the table.

B．Wildlife species encroach on farm crops when other food supplies become scarce.

C．Overpopulation of a species causes both strong and weak animals to suffer.

D．Sport hunters tend to pursue the biggest and healthiest animals in a population.

E．Many people have strong moral objections to killing a creature for any reason other than self-defense.

bris and collapsed buildings typical of towns devastated by earthquakes. Archaeologists have hypothesized that the destruction was due to a major earthquake known to have occurred near the island in A. D. 3Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the archaeologists hypothesis?

A．Bronze ceremonial drinking vessels that are often found in graves dating from years preceding and following A. D. 365 were also found in several graves near Kourion.

B．No coins minted after A. D. 365 were found in Kourion, but coins minted before that year were found in abundance.

C．Most modern histories of Cyprus mention that an earthquake occurred near the island in A.D. 365.

D．Several small statues carved in styles current in Cyprus in the century between A. D. 300 and 400 were found in Kourion.

E．Stone inscriptions in a form. of the Greek alphabet that was definitely used in Cyprus after A. D. 365 were found in Kourion.

ed by a disregard for the actual interdependence of people. Destroying ones own life or health means not being available to help family members or the community, it means, instead, absorbing the limited resources of the community for food, health services, and education without contributing fully to the community. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the view expressed above?

A．The cost of avoidable accidents and illnesses raises health insurance rates for everyone.

B．Harm to one person can result in an indirect benefit, such as the availability of work in health-related fields, to others.

C．Life would be dull if it were necessary to abstain from all of the minor pleasures that entail some risk of harm to a person who indulges in them.

D．The contribution a person makes to the community cannot be measured by that person"s degree of health.

E．The primary damage caused by the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and unauthorized drugs is done to the person who uses those substances.

ospitals. In fact, university hospitals have a lower survival rate for patients than do other hospitals. From this it seems clear that the quality of care at university hospitals is lower than that at other hospitals. Which of the following, if true, most forcefully undermines the argument of the passage above?

A．Many doctors divide their working hours between a university and a community or private hospital.

B．Doctors at university hospitals often earn less than doctors at private hospitals.

C．University and community hospitals often cannot afford the elaborate facilities of private hospitals.

D．The emphasis at many university hospitals is on pure research rather than on the treatment and care of patients.

E．The patients who seek help at university hospitals are usually more seriously ill than those at private or community hospitals.

er source of the acidity in mountain lakes than is the acid rain that falls on these lakes. Therefore, they contend, reducing acid rain will not significantly reduce the acidity levels of mountain lakes. Which of the following statements, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?

A．It is natural for mountain lakes to have acidity levels higher than those of other lakes.

B．The harmful effects of increased acidity levels in lakes have been greatly underestimated.

C．Acid rain is found in urban and heavily industrialized regions of the country.

D．There is much disagreement among soil scientists about the causes of acid rain.

E．While plant life remains, acid rain significantly increases the amount of decaying organic matter in natural environments.

on objectives would in general be better served if private environmental groups were put in charge of operating and financing the national park system, which is now run by the government. Which of the following, assuming that it is a realistic possibility, argues most strongly against the suggestion above?

A．Those seeking to abolish all restrictions on exploiting the natural resources of the parks might join the private environmental groups as members and eventually take over their leadership.

B．Private environmental groups might not always agree on the best ways to achieve conservation objectives.

C．If they wished to extend the park system, the private environmental groups might have to seek contributions from major donors and the general public.

D．There might be competition among private environmental groups for control of certain park areas.

E．Some endangered species, such as the California condor, might die out despite the best efforts of the private environmental groups, even if those groups are not hampered by insufficient resources.

han those who rely on court-appointed public defenders. This explains why criminals who commit lucrative crimes like embezzlement or insider trading are more successful at avoiding conviction than are street criminals. The explanation offered above would be more persuasive if which one of the following were true?

A．Many street crimes, such as drug dealing, are extremely lucrative and those committing them can afford expensive private lawyers.

B．Most prosecutors are not competent to handle cases involving highly technical financial evidence and have more success in prosecuting cases of robbery or simple assault.

C．The number of criminals convicted of street crimes is far greater than the number of criminals convicted of embezzlement or insider trading.

D．The percentage of defendants who actually committed the crimes of which they are accused is no greater for publicly defended than for privately defended defendants.

E．Juries, out of sympathy for the victims of crimes, are much more likely to convict defendants accused of violent crimes than they are to convict defendants accused of "victimless" crimes or crimes against property.

vy development costs can be recouped in later sales, the current 20 years of protection provided by patents should be extended in the case of newly developed drugs. However, in other industries new-product development continues despite high development costs, a fact that indicates that the extension is unnecessary. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the pharmaceutical industry s argument against the challenge made above?

A．No industries other than the pharmaceutical industry have asked for an extension of the 20-year limit on patent protection.

B．Clinical trials of new drugs, which occur after the patent is granted and before the new drug can be marketed, often now take as long as 10 years to complete.

C．There are several industries in which the ratio of research and development costs to revenues is higher than it is in the pharmaceutical industry.

D．An existing patent for a drug does not legally prevent pharmaceutical companies from bringing to market alternative drugs, provided they are sufficiently dissimilar to the patented drug.

E．Much recent industrial innovation has occurred in products—for example, in the computer and electronics industries—for which patent protection is often very ineffective.

ars, which consume greater amounts of gasoline as fuel. So United States automakers are unwilling to pursue the development of new fuel-efficient technologies aggressively. The particular reluctance of the United States automobile industry to do so, however, could threaten the industrys future. Which of the following, if true, would provide the most support for the claim above about the future of the United States automobile industry?

A．A prototype fuel-efficient vehicle, built five years ago, achieves a very high 81 miles per gallon on the highway and 63 in the city, but its materials are relatively costly.

B．Small cars sold by manufacturers in the United States are more fuel efficient now than before the sudden jump in oil prices in 1973.

C．Automakers elsewhere in the world have slowed the introduction of fuel-efficient technologies but have pressed ahead with research and development of them in preparation for a predicted rise in world oil prices.

D．There are many technological opportunities for reducing the waste of energy in cars and light trucks through weight, aerodynamic drag, and braking friction.

E．The promotion of mass transit over automobiles as an alternative mode of transportation has encountered consumer resistance that is due in part to the failure of mass transit to accommodate the wide dispersal of points of origin and destinations for trips.

According to the passage, Fabian s theory makes use of which of the following principles?

A．Gas emanating from an explosion will be hotter the more distant it is from the origin.

B．The wavelength of radiation emitted by a gas as it cools remains constant.

C．If pressure remains constant, the volume of a gas will decrease as it is cooled.

D．The volume of a gas will increase as the pressure increases.

E．As gas cools, its density decreases.