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[主观题]

Proponents of organic farming claim that using chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farm

ing is harmful to local wildlife. To produce the same amount of food, however, more land must be under cultivation when organic farming techniques are used than when chemicals are used. Therefore, organic farming leaves less land available as habitat for local wildlife. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the authors argument depends?

A.Chemical fertilizers and pesticides pose no health threat to wildlife.

B.Wildlife living near farms where chemicals are used will not ingest any food or water containing those chemicals.

C.The only disadvantage to using chemicals in farming is their potential effect on wildlife.

D.The same crops are grown on organic farms as on farms where chemicals are used.

E.Land cultivated by organic farming methods no longer constitutes a habitat for wildlife.

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更多“Proponents of organic farming claim that using chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farm”相关的问题

第1题

Within 20 years it will probably be possible to identify the genetic susceptibility an ind

ividual may have toward any particular disease. Eventually, effective strategies will be discovered to counteract each such susceptibility. Once these effective strategies are found, therefore, the people who follow them will never get sick. The argument above is based on which of the following assumptions?

A.For every disease there is only one strategy that can prevent its occurrence.

B.In the future, genetics will be the only medical specialty of any importance.

C.All human sicknesses are in part the result of individuals" genetic susceptibilities.

D.All humans are genetically susceptible to some diseases.

E.People will follow medical advice when they are convinced that it is effective.

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第2题

Exports of United States wood pulp will rise considerably during this year. The reason for

the rise is that the falling value of the dollar will make it cheaper for paper manufacturers in Japan and Western Europe to buy American wood pulp than to get it from any other source. Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

A.Factory output of paper products in Japan and Western Europe will increase sharply during this year.

B.The quality of the wood pulp produced in the United States would be adequate for the purposes of Japanese and Western European paper manufacturers.

C.Paper manufacturers in Japan and Western Europe would prefer to use wood pulp produced in the United States if cost were not a factor.

D.Demand for paper products made in Japan and Western Europe will not increase sharply during this year.

E.Production of wood pulp by United States companies will not increase sharply during this year.

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第3题

During a single hour, an automatic camera photographed 100 vehicles that were speeding on

a one-way road, and police a mile farther down the road photographed 49 vehicles that were speeding. Since every vehicle that passed the automatic camera also passed the police during the hour, the police photographed fewer than half of the vehicles that were speeding when passing them. Which of the following is an assumption on which the reasoning in the argument above depends?

A.Fewer than half of the vehicles that were speeding when they passed the police were already speeding when they passed the automatic camera.

B.Drivers who are not exceeding the speed limit are less likely than drivers who are speeding to reduce their driving speed when they see a marked police car.

C.Most of the vehicles that were speeding when they passed the automatic camera were still speeding when they passed the police.

D.More than 100 vehicles passed the automatic camera during the hour in which the automatic camera photographed 100 speeding vehicles.

E.Not more than 100 vehicles drove past the police during the hour in which the police photographed 49 speeding vehicles.

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第4题

Ounce for ounce, blends of different artificial sweeteners match any individual artificial

sweetener in sweetening power. When used to sweeten food, blends greatly decrease the likelihood that consumers will exceed acceptable daily intakes for individual sweeteners. Blends should therefore be used, rather than single sweeteners alone, since blends are clearly more healthful, yet equally effective. The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?

A.When ingested together, different artificial sweeteners in the blends do not interact in a way that makes them harmful to human health.

B.Different artificial sweeteners, when used together in food, do not contribute a more desirable flavor to the food than would any one of them by itself.

C.The acceptable daily intake for any given artificial sweetener is a conservative figure that could probably be greatly exceeded at little or no risk.

D.Consumers who substitute artificial sweeteners for sugar in their diets generally keep track of their daily intake of different sweeteners.

E.The ill effects on health produced by the intake of excessive quantities of any single artificial sweetener cannot be reversed by reducing intake later.

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第5题

A list of the fifteen operas most frequently performed in recent times includes no works b

y the nineteenth century German composer Richard Wagner. Although music producers tend to produce what audiences want, relative infrequency of performance probably does not indicate lack of popularity in Wagner s case, since Wagners operas are notoriously expensive to perform. on stage. Which of the following, if true, most strongly support the conclusion of the argument above?

A.The list of most frequently performed operas does not include operas produced by small amateur groups.

B.Some opera companies are backed by patrons who are willing to commit large sums of money in order to enjoy lavish productions.

C.All of the fifteen most frequently performed operas of recent times are works that have been popular for at least 75 years.

D.More recordings have been produced recently of the works of Wagner than of the works of any other composer of opera.

E.Operatic works of all kinds have been increasing in popularity in recent years.

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第6题

Jan: People should not go to the new exhibition of Thorntons paintings. Thornton will be g

iven a portion of the admission proceeds and Thornton, a violent sociopath, should not be supported. Kim: Your recommendation is inconsistent with your actions, because you read poems by poets who also were violent sociopaths. Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest basis for Jan to counter Kims argument?

A.Thornton" s portion of the exhibition" s proceeds are being donated to a cause deemed worthy by Thornton.

B.It is quite difficult, if not impossible, for Jan to discover the behavioral tendencies of the artists Jan reads.

C.Kim does not use products made by companies whose hiring practices Kim finds abhorrent.

D.The poets derived no benefit from Jan"s reading their poems.

E.The poets" violent behavior. is better known to the public than is Thornton"s violent behavior.

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第7题

The plant called the scarlet gilia can have either red or white flowers. It had long been

thought that hummingbirds, which forage by day, pollinate its red flowers and that hawk-moths, which forage at night, pollinate its white flowers. To try to show that this pattern of pollination by colors exists, scientists recently covered some scarlet gilia flowers only at night and others only by day: plants with red flowers covered at night became pollinated; plants with white flowers covered by day became pollinated. Which of the following, if true, would be additional evidence to suggest that hummingbirds are attracted to the red flowers and hawkmoths to the white flowers of the scarlet gilia?

A.Uncovered scarlet gilia flowers, whether red or white, became pollinated at approximately equal rates.

B.Some red flowers of the scarlet gilia that remained uncovered at all times never became pollinated.

C.White flowers of the scarlet gilia that were covered at night became pollinated with greater frequency than white flowers of the scarlet gilia that were left uncovered.

D.Scarlet gilia plants with red flowers covered by day and scarlet gilia plants with white flowers covered at night remained unpollinated.

E.In late August, when most of the hummingbirds had migrated but hawkmoths were still plentiful, red scarlet gilia plants produced fruit more frequently than they had earlier in the season.

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第8题

Many geologists theorize that the trail of volcanic craters and cinder cones along the Sna

ke River plain of southern Idaho was produced as the North American continent slid westward over a stationary " plume," a vertical channel through which molten rock rose intermittently from the Earth s core to burst through its crust. Which of the following, if true, tends to support the geologists theory of how the trail was produced?

A.The largest craters and cinder cones are on the eastern margin of the trail.

B.The most violent volcanic activity apparently occurred at the western margin of the trail.

C.The craters and cinder cones are evenly spaced throughout the extent of the trail.

D.The newest craters and cinder cones are on the eastern margin of the trail.

E.The craters and cinder cones on the western margin of the trail generally took longer to form. than did those on the eastern margin.

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第9题

In recent years shrimp harvests of commercial fishermen in the South Atlantic have decline

d dramatically in total weight. The decline is due primarily to competition from a growing number of recreational fishermen, who are able to net young shrimp in the estuaries where they mature. Which of the following regulatory actions would be most likely to help increase the shrimp harvests of commercial fishermen?

A.Requiring commercial fishermen to fish in estuaries.

B.Limiting the total number of excursions per season for commercial fishermen.

C.Requiring recreational fishermen to use large-mesh nets in their fishing.

D.Putting an upper limit on the size of the shrimp recreational fishermen are allowed to catch.

E.Allowing recreational fishermen to move out of estuaries into the South Atlantic.

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第10题

Two decades after the Emerald River Dam was built, none of the eight fish species native t

o the Emerald River was still reproducing adequately in the river below the dam. Since the dam reduced the annual range of water temperature in the river below the dam from 50 degrees to 6 degrees, scientists have hypothesized that sharply rising water temperatures must be involved in signaling the native species to begin the reproductive cycle. Which of the following statements, if true, would most strengthen the scientists hypothesis?

A.The native fish species were still able to reproduce only in side streams of the river below the dam where the annual temperature range remains approximately 50 degrees.

B.Before the dam was built, the Emerald River annually overflowed its banks, creating backwaters that were critical breeding areas for the native species of fish.

C.The lowest recorded temperature of the Emerald River before the dam was built was 34 degrees, whereas the lowest recorded temperature of the river after the dam was built has been 43 degrees.

D.Nonnative species of fish, introduced into the Emerald River after the dam was built, have begun competing with the declining native fish species for food and space.

E.Five of the fish species native to the Emerald River are not native to any other river in North America.

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