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[主观题]

Springtowns fire department wants the town council to buy it another ladder truck. These t

rucks are useful in fighting fires in high-rise buildings. The town council argues, however, that Springtown has only two high-rise buildings, and it already owns enough ladder trucks to fight any fires there. So, they say, Springtown does not need another ladder truck. The town councils argument assumes that

A.Springtown cannot afford to buy another ladder truck.

B.Springtown"s high-rise buildings all meet or exceed current fire safety standards.

C.the number of high-rise buildings in Springtown is likely to grow.

D.at least one of Springtown"s ladder trucks is not due to be permanently removed from service in the immediate future.

E.it is possible to fight fires successfully in high-rise buildings without using ladder trucks.

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更多“Springtowns fire department wants the town council to buy it another ladder truck. These t”相关的问题

第1题

X-ray examination of a recently discovered painting — judged by some authorities to be a s

elf-portrait by Vincent van Gogh— revealed an underimage of a womans face. Either van Gogh or another painter covered the first painting with the portrait now seen on the surface of the canvas. Because the face of the woman in the underimage also appears on canvases van Gogh is known to have painted, the surface painting must be an authentic self-portrait by van Gogh. The conclusion above is properly drawn if which of the following is assumed?

A.If a canvas already bears a painted image produced by an artist, a second artist who uses the canvas to produce a new painting tends to be influenced by the style. of the first artist.

B.Many painted canvases that can be reliably attributed to van Gogh contain underimages of subjects that appear on at least one other canvas that van Gogh is known to have painted.

C.Any painted canvas incorrectly attributed to van Gogh would not contain an underimage of a subject that appears in authentic paintings by that artist.

D.A painted canvas cannot be reliably attributed to an artist unless the authenticity of any underimage that painting might contain can be reliably attributed to the artist.

E.A painted canvas cannot be reliably attributed to a particular artist unless a reliable X-ray examination of the painting is performed.

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第2题

It can be inferred from the passage that, if Fabian is correct, gas in the peripheral regi

ons of a galaxy cluster

A.streams outward into intergalactic space.

B.is hotter than gas in the central regions of the galaxy.

C.is composed primarily of gas left over from the big bang.

D.results in the creation of unusually large stars.

E.expands to increase the size of the galaxy.

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第3题

Until recently most astronomers believed that the space between the galaxies in our univer

se was a near perfect vacuum. This orthodox view of the universe is now being challenged by astronomers who believe that a heavy "rain" of gas is falling into many galaxies from the supposedly empty space around them. The gas apparently con- denses into a collection of small stars, each a little larger than the planet Jupiter. These stars vastly outnumber the other stars in a given galaxy. The amount of " intergalactic rainfall" into some of these galaxies has been enough to double their mass in the time since they formed. Scientists have begun to suspect that this intergalactic gas is probably a mixture of gases left over from the "big bang" when the galaxies were formed and gas was forced out of galaxies by supernova explosions. It is well known that when gas is cooled at a constant pressure its volume decreases. Thus, the physicist Fabian reasoned that as intergalactic gas cools, the cooler gas shrinks inward toward the center of the galaxy. Meanwhile its place is taken by hotter intergalactic gas from farther out on the edge of the galaxy, which cools as it is compressed and flows into the galaxy. The net result is a continuous flow of gas, starting as hot gases in inter galactic space and ending as a drizzle of cool gas called a "cooling flow," falling into the central galaxy. A fairly heretical idea in the 1970s, the cooling-flow theory gained sup- port when Fabian observed a cluster of galaxies in the constellation Perseus and found the central galaxy, NGC 1275, to be a strange-looking object with irregular, thin strands of gas radiating from it. According to previous speculation, these strands were gases that had been blown out by an explosion in the galaxy. Fabian, however, disagreed. Because the strands of gas radiating from NGC 1275 are visible in optical photographs, Fabian suggested that such strands consisted not of gas blown out of the galaxy but of cooling flows of gas streaming inward. He noted that the wavelengths of the radiation emitted by a gas would changes as the gas cooled, so that as the gas flowed into the galaxy and became cooler, it would emit not x-rays, but visible light, like that which was captured in the photographs. Fabians hypothesis was supported by Canizares determination in 1982 that most of the gas in the Perseus cluster was at a temperature of 80 mil lion degrees Kelvin, whereas the gas immediately surrounding NGC 1275(the subject of the photographs)was at one-tenth this temperature.

The primary purpose of the passage is to

A.illustrate a hypothesis about the origin of galaxies.

B.provide evidence to dispute an accepted theory about the evolution of galaxies.

C.summarize the state of and prospects for research in intergalactic astronomy.

D.report new data on the origins of intergalactic gas.

E.reconcile opposing views on the formation of intergalactic gas.

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第4题

According to the passage, virgin-soil epidemics can be distinguished from other catastroph

ic outbreaks of disease in that virgin-soil epidemics

A.recur more frequently than other chronic diseases.

B.affect a minimum of one-half of a given population.

C.involve populations with no prior exposure to a disease.

D.usually involve a number of interacting diseases.

E.are less responsive to medical treatment than are other diseases.

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第5题

It can be inferred from the passage that factors making women uniquely valuable members of

modern corporate boards would include which of the following? I . The nature of modern corporations. II. The increased number of women CEOs. III. The careers pursued by women currently available to serve on corporate boards.

A.I only

B.II only

C.III only

D.I and III only

E.I , II and III

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第6题

With which of the following predictive statement regarding Japanese automakers would the a

uthor most likely agree?

A.The efficiency levels of the Japanese automakers will decline if they become less flexible in their approach to production.

B.Japanese automakers productivity levels double during the late 1990"s.

C.United States automakers will originate net production processes before Japanese automakers do.

D.Japanese automakers will hire fewer workers than will United States automakers because each worker is required to perform. several jobs.

E.Japanese automakers will spend less on equipment repairs than will United States automakers because Japanese equipment can be easily altered.

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第7题

It can be inferred from the passage that one problem associated with the production of hug

e lots of cars is which of the following?

A.The need to manufacture flexible machinery and equipment.

B.The need to store extra components not required for immediate use.

C.The need for expensive training programs for workers, which emphasize the development of facility in several production jobs.

D.The need to alter conventional mass-production processes.

E.The need to increase the investment per vehicle in order to achieve high productivity levels.

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第8题

Of the following, which is most likely attributable to the effect of endorphins as describ

ed in the passage?

A.After an injection of novocaine, a patient has no feeling in the area where the injection was given.

B.After taking ibuprofen, a person with a headache gets quick relief.

C.After receiving a local anesthetic, an injured person reports relief in the anesthetized area.

D.After being given aspirin, a child with a badly scraped elbow feels better.

E.After acupuncture, a patient with chronic back pain reports that the pain is much less severe.

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第9题

The sensation of pain cannot accurately be described as "located" at the point of an injur

y, or, for that matter, in any one place in the nerves or brain. Rather, pain signals—and pain relief—are delivered through a highly complex interacting circuitry. When a cell is injured, a rush of prostaglandin s sensitizes nerve endings at the injury. Prostaglandins are chemicals produced in and released from virtually all mammalian cells when they are injured: these are the only pain signals that do not originate in the nervous sys- tern. Aspirin and other similar drugs(such as indomethacin and ibuprofen)keep prostaglandins from being made by interfering with an enzyme known as prostaglandin synthetase, or cyclooxy- genase. The drugs effectiveness against pain is proportional to their success in blocking this enzyme at the site of injury. From nerve endings at the injury, pain signals move to nerves feeding into the spinal cord. The long, tubular membranes of nerve cells carry electrical impulses. When electrical impulses get to the spinal cord, a pain-signaling chemical known as substance P is released there. Substance P then excites nearby neurons to send impulses to the brain. Local anesthetics such as novo-caine and xylocaine work by blocking the electrical transmission along nerves in a particular area. They inhibit the flow of sodium ions through the membranes, making the nerves electrically quiescent; thus no pain signals are sent to the spinal cord or to the brain. Recent discoveries in the study of pain have involved the brain itself—the supervising organ that notices pain signals and that sends messages down to the spinal cord to regulate incoming pain traffic. Endorphins-—the brain s own morphine—are a class of small peptides that help to block pain signals within the brain itself. The presence of endor- phins may also help to explain differences in response to pain signals, since individuals seem to differ in their ability to produce endorphins. It now appears that a number of techniques for blocking chronic pain—such as acupuncture and electrical stimulation of the central brain stem—involve the release of endorphins in the brain and spinal cord.

The passage is primarily concerned with

A.analyzing ways that enzymes and other chemicals influence how the body feels pain.

B.describing the presence of endorphins in the brain and discussing ways the body blocks pain within the brain itself.

C.describing how pain signals are conveyed in the body and discussing ways in which the pain signals can be blocked.

D.demonstrating that pain can be influenced by acupuncture and electrical stimulation of the central brain stem.

E.differentiating the kinds of pain that occur at different points in the body" s nervous system.

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第10题

According to the passage, the existence of good one volume reference works about Asian Ame

ricans could result in

A.increased agreement among professors of Asian American studies regarding the quality of the sources available in their field.

B.an increase in the number of students signing up for introductory courses in Asian American studies.

C.increased accuracy in writings that concern Asian American history and culture.

D.the use of introductory texts about Asian American history and culture in courses outside the field of Asian American studies.

E.the inclusion of a wider range of Asian American material in introductory reading lists in Asian American studies.

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