If you travel by ship across the Pacific, you cross the international date line（国际日期变

Wang Hui thinks her dormitory is too big

A.T

B.F

的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。)

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Why Are Airlines Withholding Seats?

Behind the screen indeed

[D] An awful plot goes on behind airline and travel booking screens, and much of it is strictly off-limits to consumers. What we do know is that for decades now airlines have become masters of what the industry calls yield management, offering millions of combinations of fares based on advance purchase patterns and other booking trends, so nearly everyone pays a different price based on when they buy. But now that paying extra for your seat selection has become common practice, securing your reservation is just half the battle.

[E] Some industry experts have connected the dots. “They’re trying to get people to buy premium seats,” says George Hobica, USATODAY.com’s Fly Guy columnist and the founder of Airfarewatchdog.com. “They want to increase revenue. And we’re getting more complaints about it. ” He notes that it “really annoys” passengers who want to sit together, particularly when traveling with small children.

[F] He’s echoed by Kevin Mitchell, chairman of the Business Travel Coalition(联盟):“With yield management, consumers are aware and they know that airlines are constantly changing prices on seats. But if this is true, it is unethical—they’re grossly misleading us. The thing that I find so offensive is conveying to me that I have no options, but if I wait a week or two then I do have options. ”

[G ] According to the airlines, the reason for ancillary (附加的)revenue is unbundling (分类计价)ticket prices, so passengers who desire a given service—say checking a bag or ordering a soft drink—pay for it, while those who don’t are spared the cost. But as Mitchell notes, “There’s another twist to this. The airlines are saying fees are for ‘optional services.’ Well, seats aren’t optional!”

[H ] Of course, securing a good seat isn’t an issue if you’re in first class or you’re an elite member of a frequent flyer program. But what about the rest of us? As I’ve pointed out repeatedly in recent columns, we’re faced with record-high load factors, the highest for the U.S. airline industry since World War II. But even with the average percentage of occupied seats for domestic flights at 82.7%, it’s still an average—some flights will be fuller but others will not, particularly weeks in advance. Yet searching for seats keeps getting harder and harder.

Seats for sale

[I ] Hobica cites the major airlines as the prime culprits (起因)，but he also notes even low-cost carriers can make securing seats difficult. On the flip side, he credits JetBlue and Virgin America for providing customers with clear policies. And then there is British Airways, which allows passengers in economy and business classes to

select seats only 24 hours in advance. I asked an airline representative if seeing fewer free seats is a trend, and the response was: “That’s going to vary because there are so many variables. ” [J] I decided to check on seat availability at Delta.com. I inquired about economy-class availability for two seats on a busy route—Atlanta to Chicago—and conducted an apples-to-apples search for the same morning departure seven days in advance, and again 14 days in advance. For the flight one week out, a total of only eight seats were available, one preferred and seven standard, but only one set of two seats together. For the flight two weeks out, a total of 29 seats were available, consisting of 20 preferred and only nine standard, and still with only one set together. Remarkable how even twice the booking time still produced so few “free” seats, separately or together, yet there were plenty of seats that could be bought for the right price. [K] I contacted Delta and a spokesman said the price for preferred economy varies “depending on a number of different factors,” so customers need to compare

the costs on a flight-by-flight basis. The preferred seats are reserved primarily for Medallion (大勋章)members, and become available without additional charge 24 hours prior to departure. When asked if Delta has received complaints about a dearth of free seats, he stated, “Overall, our seat program has been received very well. ”

[L] But my findings dovetailed (吻合)with recent complaints filed with Airfarewatchdog: (1) When (my husband) tried to get a seat assignment on the first flight there was just one “complimentary (免费的)seat” (near the back in the middle) available... the other available seats had to be purchased for $69. On the connecting flight there were no “complimentary seats” at all! Is this legal? He bought and paid for a ticket on these flights and now he is supposed to “buy” a seat! (2) (After) paying for the flight, a message popped up and said that I could only get a seat assignment when I checked in. In order to get a confirmed seat, I had to pay $129 extra! Unless I pay, without a confirmed seat, I am the first one to be bumped from the flight if they are overbooked. How do they get away with this? (3) Does checking in online at the 24-hour mark before the flight give me a number in line or let me select seats then? Or do we all rush the gate with our boarding passes (and no seat assignment) in order to get the seat assignment?

How to respond?

[M] So what can you do? It’s a tough proposition. Usually I would offer strategies for countering such airline initiatives, but in this case the options are limited. That’s why some believe the U.S. Department of Transportation should investigate these practices. As Mitchell says, “The airlines are holding all the cards with this one. There is a sore need for transparency on this. When people are confused, they make bad decisions. ”

[N] That said, consider the following: (1) When budgeting your airfares, make sure you consider not just baggage fees but the added cost of seat selection—for all travelers and in both directions. (2) If possible, book early, when there should be more seats available, and check in early too. Why the qualifier “should”? Because if availability is artificially manipulated, it’s hard to be certain. (3) Book airlines that offer more transparent seat- selection policies. Of course, this is not an issue with Southwest and other carriers that offer “open seating” policies. (4) Finally, the last resort is what Hobica calls “horse trading”: negotiating seat swaps with other passengers. But this has become a risky and undesirable option with flights so full, overhead bins (行李仓)so crammed and fellow passengers who may have paid for premium seats in advance.

46. Behind the airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot is being carried out, much of which is rigorously kept confidential from passengers.

47. The airlines’ excuse for additional fees is unbundling ticket prices, so those who want the given service like baggage check and soft drink ordering will have to pay.

48. Whether some carriers withhold seats on purpose for earning consumers，premium is a question deserving to be cleared up.

49. Mitchell holds that there is an urgent need for transparency on carriers seat assignments.

50. While Hobica ascribes the main responsibilities to the major airlines, he also mentions that the low-cost carriers are making securing seats difficult.

51. Some believe that, in order to solve the problem of airlines，withholding seats, some actions should be taken by the U.S. Department of Transportation.

52. When people budget their airfares, they should consider both the baggage fees and the added cost of seat selection.

53. Kevin Mitchell considers the so-called yield management of the industry unethical and misleading.

54. What the spokesman of Delta says suggests that the preferred economy-class tickets are available 24 hours in advance of the plane’s departure.

55. The last strategy to counter the airline’s initiatives is to exchange seats with other passengers by negotiating with them.

话题：

Youngsters’ Worship

1. 大学生现在过分崇拜大明星 2. 分析产生这一现象的原因 3. 我的看法

平均10%的GDP增长已使五亿多人脱贫。联合国的“千年(millennium)发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。中国现在7%的经济年增长目标表明政府是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。

要污染源，包括500万辆机动车的尾气排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘，另外850亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水处理设施，加上300亿元投资未来三年的植树造林。

市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，北京还将更严厉地处罚违反减排规定的行为。

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Photography was once an expensive， laborious ordeal reserved for life&39;s greatest milestones. Now， the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion&39;s patience.

But is there another cost， a deeper cost， to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? “You hear that you shouldn&39;t take all these photos and interrupt the experience， and it&39;s bad for you， and we&39;re not living in the present moment，” says Kristin Diehl， associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.

Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true， so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people&39;s enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results， published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology， surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they&39;re doing more， not less.

“What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently， because you&39;re looking for things you want to capture， that you may want to hang onto，” Diehl explains. “That gets people more engaged in the experience， and they tend to enjoy it more.”Take sightseeing. In one experiment， nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more， and said they were more engaged， than those who didn&39;t.

Snapping a photo directs attention， which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you&39;re looking at， Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological(考古的)museums， where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. “People look longer at things they want to photograph，” Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more， too.

To the relief of Instagrammers(Instagram用户)everywhere， it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch， they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren&39;t told to take photos.

Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No， they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. “If you want to take mental photos， that works the same way，” Diehl says. “Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged.”

What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?

A.It was a painstaking effort for recording life‘s major events.

B.It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.

C.It was a good way to preserve one‘s precious images.

D.It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.

Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out __________.A.what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takers

B.whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeing

C.how it could help to enrich people‘s life experiences

D.Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing

What do the results of Diehl‘s experiments show that people taking photos?A.They are distracted from what they are doing.

B.They can better remember what they see or do.

C.They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.

D.They can have a better understanding of the world.

What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A.They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.

B.They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.

C.They have a better view of what are on display.

D.They follow the historical events more easily.

What do we learn from the last paragraph?A.It is better to make plans before taking photos.

B.Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.

C.Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.

D.Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

Section A

Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they&39;ve discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world‘s Seven Wonders. The pyramid’s exact size has (26) puzzled experts for centuries， as the “more than 21 acres of hard， white casing stones” that originally covered it were (27) removed long ago.

Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter “AERAGRAM，” which (28) chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates， engineer Glen Dash says that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving (29) remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a (30)maximum of 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.

The question that most (31) fascinates him， however， isn&39;t how the Egyptians who designed and built the pyramid got it wrong 4，500 years ago， but how they got it so close to (32) perfect. “We can only speculate as to how the Egyptians could have laid out these lines with such (33) precision using only the tools they had，”Dash writes. He says his (34) hypothesis is that the Egyptians laid out their design on a grid， noting that the great pyramid is oriented only (35) slightly away from the cardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north， while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that&39;s “tiny， but similar，” Atlas Obscura points out.

A)chronicles

B)complete

C)established

D)fascinates

E)hypothesis

F)maximum

G)momentum

H)mysteriously

I)perfect

J)precision

K)puzzled

L)remnants

M)removed

N)revelations

O)slightly

of building trust between employer and employees. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.